Tuesday, January 12, 2010

How to Code Colonoscopy

Colonoscopy is the examination of the entire colon from the rectum to
cecum. A colonoscope is inserted in the anus and moved through the
colon past the splenic flexure in order to visualize the lumen of
rectum and colon.

Always a surgical endoscopy includes a diagnotic endoscopy.

For an incomplete colonoscopy, with full preparation for a colonoscopy,
use a colonoscopy code with the modifier 52 and provide information.

A diagnostic colonoscopy is a screening of the colon for any
abnormalities without performing any procedure.

A colonoscopy with biopsy, polypectomy, or any removal of foreign body
or any other intervention is not considered as diagnostic colonoscopy.

Colonoscopy Codes:

45378 Diagnostic/screening colonoscopy for non-medicare patients.
G0105 Screening Colonoscopy for medicare high risk patients
G0121 Screening colonoscpy for other medicare patients.
Colonoscopy with other procedures.
45379 Colonoscopy with removal of foreign body.
45380 Colonoscopy with biopsy single/multiple.
45381 Colonoscopy with directed submucosal injection.
45382 Colonoscopy with control of bleeding.

Polyps or lesions are removed by hot biospy, cold biopsy, and snare
techniques. Depending on the technique the codes are differentiated.

45383 Colonoscopy with ablation of tumors, polyps, or other lesions not
amenable to removal by hot biopsy forceps.
45384 removal of polps or other lesions by hot biopsy
45385 removal of polyps or lesions by snare technique.

Meta tags: Colonoscopy coding, CPT coding

Monday, January 4, 2010

Medical Abbreviations (U-Z)-Useful for Coding and Transcription

U&C, urethral and cervical.
U&C, usual and customary.
U&Es, urea and electrolytes
U, congenital limb absence.
U, in electrocardiography, an undulating deflection that follows the T wave.
U, internal energy.
U, International Unit of enzyme activity.
U, Mann-Whitney rank sum statistic.
U, potential difference (in volts).
U, ulcer.
U, ulna.
U, ultralente (insulin).
U, umbilicus.
U, uncertain.
U, unerupted.
u, unified atomic mass unit.
U, unit.
U, universial application (residency).
U, unknown.
U, unsharpness.
U, upper.
U, uracil.
U, uranium.
U, urea.
U, urethra.
U, uridine.
U, uridylic acid.
U, urinary concentration.
U, urine.
U, urology.
U, uterus.
U, uvula.
u, velocity.
U, volume velocity.
U/2, upper half.
U/3, upper third.
U/A, uric acid.
U/A, urinalysis.
u/ext, upper extremity.
U/S, ultrasound.
UA, absorption unsharpness.
UA, ultra-audible.
UA, ultrasonic arteriography.
UA, umbilical artery.
UA, unauthorized absence.
UA, unit of analysis.
UA, unstable angina.
UA, upper airways.
UA, upper arm.
UA, uric acid.
UA, uridylic acid.
UA, urinalysis, urine analysis.
ua, urinalysis.
UA, urinary aldosterone.
UA, uronic acid.
UA, uterine aspiration.
UA/C, uric acidlcreatinine (ratio).
UAC, umbilical artery catheter.
UAE, unilateral absence of excretion.
UAE, urine albumin excretion.
UAEM, University Association for Emergency Medicine.
UAI, uterine activity interval.
U-AMY, urinary amylase.
UAN, uric acid nitrogen.
UAO, upper airway obstruction.
UAP, unlicensed assistive personnel.
UAP, unstable angina pectoris.
UAP, urinary acid phosphatase.
UAP, urinary alkaline phosphatase.
UAPA, unilateral absence of pulmonary.
UAR, upper airway resistance.
UAR, uric acid riboside.
UAS, upper abdomen surgery.
UAS, upstream activation site.
UASA, United Amputee Services Association.
UAU, uterine activity unit.
UB, ultimobranchial body.
UB, Unna boot.
UB, upper back.
UB, urinary bladder.
UBA, undenaturated bacterial antigen.
UBB, ubiquitin B.
UBBC, unsaturated vitamin B12 binding capacity.
UBC, ubuquitin C.
UBC, University of British Columbia (brace).
UBE, ubiquitin-activating enzyme.
UBG, Ubg urobilinogen.
UBI, ultraviolet blood irradiation.
UBL, undifferentiated B-cell lymphoma.
UBN, urobilin.
UBO, unidentified bright object.
UBO, upper body obesity.
UBP, ureteral back pressure.
UBS, unidentified bright signal.
UBW, usual body weight.
UC, ulcerative colitis.
UC, ultracentrifugal.
UC, umbilical cord.
UC, unchanged.
UC, unclassifiable.
UC, unconscious.
UC, undifferentiated cells.
UC, unit clerk.
UC, unsatisfactory condition.
UC, untreated cells.
UC, urea clearance.
UC, urethral catheterization.
UC, urinary catheter.
UC, urine concentrate.
UC, urine culture.
UC, uterine contractions
UCB, unconjugated bilirubin.
UCBC, umbilical cord blood culture.
UCD, urine collection device.
UCD, usual childhood diseases.
UCDS, uniform clinical data set.
UCE, urea cycle enzymopathy.
UCG, ultrasonic cardiography.
UCG, urinary chorionic gonadotropin.
UCHD, usual childhood diseases.
UCI, unusual childhood illness.
UCI, urethral catheter in.
UCI, urinary catheter in.
UCL, ulnar collateral ligament.
UCL, upper collateral ligament.
UCL, upper confidence limit.
UCL, upper control limit.
UCL, urea clearance.
UCLP, unilateral cleft of lip and palate.
UCO, ultrasonic cardiac output.
UCOD, underlying cause of death.
UCP, uncoupling protein.
UCP, urinary coproporphyrin.
UCP, urinary C-peptide.
UCPT, urinary coproporphyrin test.
UCR, unconditioned response.
UCR, usual, customary, and reasonable (fees).
UCS, unconditioned stimulus.
UCS, unconscious.
ucs, unconscious.
UCS, uterine compression syndrome.
UCT, urological care table.
UCTD, undifferentiated (unclassifiable) connective tissue disease.
uCTD, undifferentiated connective tissue disease.
UCV, uncontrolled variable.
UD, ulcerative dermatosis.
UD, ulnar deviation.
UD, underdeveloped.
UD, undetermined.
UD, unit dose.
UD, urethral dilatation.
UD, urethral discharge.
UD, uridine diphosphate.
UD, uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase.
UD, uterine delivery.
UDC, usual diseases of childhood.
UDCA, ursodeoxycholic acid.
UDKase, uridine diphosphate kinase.
UDN, ulcerative dermal necrosis.
UDO, undetermined origin.
UDP, uridine diphosphate.
UDPG, uridine diphosphate glucose.
UDPG, urine diphosphoglucose.
UDPGA, uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid.
UDPGT, uridine diphosphate glucuronosyl transferase.
UDR-BMD, ultradistal radius bone mineral density.
UDRP, urine diribose phosphate.
UDS, ultrasound Doppler sonography.
UDS, uniform data system.
UDS, unscheduled deoxynucleic acid synthesis.
UDUN, under developed under nourished.
UE, (extremitas) upper extremity.
UE, uncertain etiology.
UE, under elbow.
UE, uninvolved epidermis.
UE, upper esophagus.
UE, upper extremity.
uE~, unconjugated estriol.
UEG, ultrasonic encephalography.
UEG, unifocal eosinophilic granuloma.
UEHB, uniform effective health benefits.
UEL, upper explosive limit.
UEM, universal electron microscope.
UEMC, unidentified endosteal marrow cell.
UES, upper esophageal sphincter.
UES, upper esophageal sphincter.
UF, film unshapness.
UF, ultrafiltration.
UF, ultrafine.
UF, ultraflltrate.
UF, ultrasonic frequency.
UF, universal feeder.
UF, unknown factor.
UF, urinary formaldehyde.
UFA, unesterifled fatty acid.
UFB, urinary fat bodies.
UFC, urinary free cortisol.
UFD, ultrasonic flow detector.
UFD, unilateral facet dislocation.
UFFI, urea formaldehyde foam insulation.
UFL, upper flammable limit.
UFP, ultrafiltration pressure.
UFR, ultrafiltration rate.
UFR, urine filtration rate.
uFSH, urinary follicle-stimulating hormone.
UG, geometric unsharpness.
UG, urogastrone.
UG, urogenital.
UGD, urogenital diaphragm.
UGDP, University Group Diabetes Project.
UGF, unidentified growth factor.
UGH, uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema (syndrome).
UGH+, uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema plus vitreous hemorrhage (syndrome).
UGI, (see GI) upper gastrointestinal.
UGIB, upper gastrointestinal biopsy.
UGIB, upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
UGIH, upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
UGIS, upper gastrointestinal series.
UGT, uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase.
UH, 82 universal billing document (1982).
UH, unfractionated heparin.
UHDPE, ultra-high-density-polyethylene.
UHF, ultra high frequency
UHF, uterine blood flow.
UHMWPE, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene.
UICC, Union Internationale Contre le Cancer - International Union Against Cancer.
UIP, usual interstitial pneumonia.
ULN, upper limits of normal.
ULQ, upper left quadrant.
ultra , ultrasound.
umb., umbilicus (navel).
UMN, upper motor neuron (signs).
UNDP, United Nations Development Program.
UN-E, ulnar neuropathy at the elbow.
UNFPA, United Nations Family Planning Association.
ung, ointment.
UNK, unknown.
UO, urethral catheter out.
UO, urinary catheter out.
UP, ultrafilterable platinum.
UP, unipolar.
UPJ, ureteropelvic junction.
UPOJ, University of Pennsylvania Orthopaedic Journal.
UPR, unfolded protein response.
UPR, unipolar recurrent depression.
UPr/C, urine protein-to-creatinine ratios.
UPSI, unprotected sexual intercourse.
UPT, urinary pregnancy test.
ur., urine.
URI, upper respiratory tract infection.
Urol., urology.
URQ, upper right quadrant.
URTI, upper respiratory tract infection.
US, ultrasound.
USAN, United States Adopted Names.
USDA, US Department of Agriculture.
USH, usual state of health.
USP, US pharmacopeea.
USPHS, United States Public Health Service.
UST, ultrasound therapy.
UTD, up to date.
UTI, urinary tract infection.
UUA, urokinase urine activity.
UV, ultraviolet.
UVJ, ureterovesical junction.
UVR, ultra violet radiation.
UWUN, underweight under nourished.

V, venous invasion.
V/Q, ventilation/perfusion.
V2, second compartment volume.
V3, third compartment volume.
VA, alveolar volume.
VA, valproic acid.
VA, Veterans Administration (US).
VA, visual acuity.
VAC, ventriculoatrial conduction.
VACTERL syndrome, abnormalities of vertebrae, anus, cardiovascular tree, trachea, esophagus, renal system, and limb buds associated with administration of sex steroids during early pregnancy.
VaD, vascular dementia.
VAD, ventricular assist device.
VAD, vincristine, doxorubicin and dexamethasone.
VAERS, Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System (FDA).
VAHS, virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome.
VAS, vibroacoustic stimulation.
VAS, visual analogue scale.
VATER, vertebral defects, anal atresia, tracheoesophageal fistula with esophageal atresia, and radial and renal anomalies.
VATS, video-assisted thoracic surgery.
VB, B chain variable (gene segments of T-cell receptor).
VBD, vertebral bone density.
VBG, venous blood gas.
VBH, Vogele-Bale-Hohner head holder.
VC, colored vision.
VC, vital capacity.
VCA, viral capsid antien (in EBV-IM).
VCAM, vascular cell adhesion molecule (endothelial cell adhesion molecule).
VCAM-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1.
VCE smear, a cytologic smear of material obtained from the vagina, ectocervix, and endocervix.
VCE, vaginal administration of conjugated equine estrogens.
VCFS, velocardiofacial syndrome.
VCU, voiding cystourethrogram.
VCUG, voiding cystourethrogram.
VD, venereal disease.
VD, vessel diameter.
VD-GC, vacuum distillation gas chromatography.
VDRL, Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (test for syphilis).
VEF, ventricular ejection fraction.
VEGF, vascular endothelial cell growth factor.
VEP, visually evoked potentials.
VER, visual evoked response.
VF, ventricular fibrillation.
VF, ventricular flutter.
VF, visual field, field of vision.
VFC, Vaccines for Children program.
Vfib, Ventricular fibrillation.
VHA, Veterans Health Administration (US).
VHD, ventricular heart disease.
VIP, vasoactive intestinal peptide.
VISI, volar intercalary wrist instability.
VLDL, very low density lipoprotein.
VLH, ventrolateral hypothalamus.
VLO, ventrolateral outflow.
VM, ventricular muscle.
VM-26, Teniposide (anti cancer drug)
VMA, vanillylmandelic acid (urine levels concordant to serum catecholamine levels).
VMCH, Vinyl acetate - maleic acid - vinyl chloride copolymer.
VMO, vastus medialis obliquus (a muscle).
VMO, visiting medical officer.
vo, verbal order.
VP-16, Etoposide (anti cancer drug).
VPC, ventricular premature contractions.
VPF, vascular permeability factor.
VPL, ventral posterolateral.
VPM, ventral posteromedial.
VPPIM, Vinyl polysiloxane putty impression material.
VPRC, volume packed red cells.
VQ, (scan), ventilation/perfusion scan.
VRE, vancomycin-resistant enterococcus.
VRO, vertical ramus osteotomy.
vs, visit.
VS, vs, vital signs.
VSA, vital signs absent.
VSD, ventricular septal defect.
VSO, vertical sagittal split osteotomy.
VSP, variable screw placement.
VSS, vital signs stable.
VT, tidal volume.
VT, ventricular tachycardia.
VTE, venous thromboembolism.
VTEC, verotoxin producing enteropathogenic Escherichia coli.
VTNR, vessel-to-tissue noise ratio.
VTP, velocity/time profile.
VV, varicose veins.
VWD, von Willebrand Disease.
VWF, von Willebrand factor.
VZIG, varicella-zoster immune globulin.
VZV, varicella-zoster virus.

w.b.c., WBC, white blood cell, white blood cell count.
w/, with.
w/a, when awake.
w/c, wheelchair.
w/o, without.
w/v, weight by volume.
WAIS, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale.
WB, Western blot.
WBAA, whole blood acetaldehyde assay.
WBAT, weight bearing as tolerated.
WBC, white blood cell/count.
WBS, skin wound breaking strength.
WC, white cells.
WC, white collar.
WC, whole cell.
WC/rCTB, whole cell/recombinant B subunit cholera vaccine.
WC-2, White Carneau pigeons.
WCC, white cell count
WCI, Washington Cancer Institute.
WD, well-developed.
WDE, wound dressing emulsion.
WDWN, well-developed well-nourished.
W-E, wide excision
WF, W/F, white female.
WFL, Wistaria floribunda.
WFL, within functional limits.
WG, Wegener’s granulomatosis.
WHO, World Health Organization.
Whp, whirlpool.
WIC, Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children.
WISC, Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children.
wk., week.
WLT, Warthin-like papillary carcinoma of the thyroid.
WM, W/M, white male
WM, Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia.
W-MPP, water MPP (multipurpose phantoms).
WN, well-nourished.
WN, West Nile virus.
WNL, within normal limits.
WOA, Western Orthopaedic Association.
WOC, World Orthopaedic Concern.
Wow, Weakener of white (a locus is described in Drosophila melanogaster that modifies the expression of the white eye color gene).
WOW-1, a novel monovalent ligand-mimetic antibody.
WPD, warm, pink, dry (skin signs).
WPOA, Western Pacific Orthopaedic Association (Australian Chapter).
WRT, with relation to.
WSCA, Washington State Chiropractic Association.
wt, weight.
WTO, World Trade Organization.
WW, white woman.

X, multiplied by, times.
XIP, x-ray in plaster.
XLD, xylose lysine deoxycholate agar.
XP, xeroderma pigmentosa.
XR, x-ray.
XRD, x-ray diffraction.
XRN, X-linked recessive nephrolithiasis.
XRT, radiotherapy.
XT, exotropia.
XX, female sex chromosome.
XY, male sex chromosome.

y, classification after initial multimodal treatment.
Y, Y chromosome.
Y, yttrium, tyrosine, pyrimidine nucleoside.
Y, Yttrium.
y/o, years old.
Y-90, Yttrium 90.
YAC, yeast artificial chromosome.
YAG, yttrium-aluminum-garnet (laser).
Yb, ytterbium.
Yd., yard.
YES, Youth Exchange Scheme.
YFEC, Youth Forum of the European Communities.
yoa, years of age.
YOB, year of birth.
YPLL, years of potential life lost.
Yr, year.
yr., year.
YRBS, Youth Risk Behaviour Survey.
YST, Yolk sac tumor.
YVS, Yorkshire Veterinary Society (UK).

ZAI, Zero Administrative Initiative.
ZAP-70, tyrosine kinase involved in signal transduction.
ZBB, Zero Base Budgeting.
ZDV, Zidovudine.
ZEEP, zero end-expiratory pressure.
ZFW, Health insurance sickness scheme for employees (Netherlands).
ZIF, Zero Insertion Force.
ZIFT, Zygote Intrafallopian Transfer.
ZIG, zoster immune globulin.
ZIP, Zigzag In-line Package.
ZIP, Zoster Immune Plasma.
ZL, Central Laboratory of Pharmacists (Germany).
Zn, zinc.
Zr, zirconium.
ZSE, Zoological Spongiform Encephalopathy.
ZSL, Zoological Society of London.
ZSR, zeta sedimentation rate.
ZZ, ZZ genotype (deficiency of a 1-antitrypsin).

Medical Abbreviations (Q, R, S, T)- Useful for coding and Transcription

q, (Lat. quaque) - each or every.
q.d., qd, (quaque in die) once a day, every day
q.h., qh, every hour
q.i.d., qid, four times a day
q.o.d., every other day
q.s., quantity sufficient
Q2H, every two hours.
QA, quality assurance.
QA/QC, quality assurance/quality control.
QALY, quality-adjusted life year.
QAM, qam, every morning.
QAR, quantitative autoradiography.
QC, quality control.
QCA, quantitative coronary angiography.
QCT, quantitative computed tomography.
QD, every day.
QH, every hour.
qhs, every night at bedtime.
QID, four times a day.
QM, qm, every morning.
QMI, Q-wave myocardial infarction.
QMT, quantitative muscle testing.
QN, qn, quaque nox - every night.
QNS, qns, quantity not sufficient.
QOD, every other day.
QOH, every other hour.
QoL, quality of life.
QON, every other night.
QP, as much as desired; at will.
QPM, every afternoon.
qqh, every four hours (Lat. quaque quarta hora).
QS, qs, sufficient quantity.
QT, quantity; quart; quiet.
qt., quart.
QV, as much as desired.

R, rectal.
R, residual tumor after treatment.
R, respiration (also resp).
R, right.
R, roentgen.
R.D., registered dietician.
R.P.R., rpr, rapid plasma reagin.
R.R., recovery room.
R/O, rule out.
R/s, roentgens per second.
R/T, related to.
R2R , Reach to Recovery ACS program.
RA, refractory anemia.
RA, rheumatoid arthritis.
RA, right atrium.
RACS, Royal Australasian College of Surgeons.
rad , radiotherapy.
rad, radiation absorbed dose.
RAEB, refractory anemia with excess blasts.
RAI, radioactive iodine uptake.
RAIU, radioactive iodine uptake.
RAP, right atrial pressure.
RAPD, relative afferent pupillary defect.
RAR-ά , retinoic acid receptor-alpha (gene on chromosome 17).
RAS, renin-angiotensin system.
RAST, serum radioallergosorbent test (test for milk sensitivity).
RATx, radiation therapy
RBBB, right bundle branch block.
RBC, red blood cells/count.
RBE, relative biological effects.
RBF, renal blood flow.
RBILD, respiratory bronchiolotis interstitial lyng disease.
RBWC, randomly bred White Carneau pigeons.
RCA, right coronary artery.
RCA1, Ricinus communis agglutinin.
rCBF, regional cerebral blood flow.
RCM, right costal margin.
RCMD, refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia.
RCMI, red blood cell morphologic index.
RCP, Royal College of Physicians.
RCPSC, Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada.
RCR, respiratory control ratio.
RCSED, Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh.
RCSENG, Royal College of Surgeons of England.
RCSI, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland.
RCT, randomized controlled trial.
RD, respiratory disease.
RDA, recommended dietary allowance.
RDS, respiratory distress syndrome.
RDW, red cell distribution width.
RE, right eye.
re:, regarding.
REAL, Revised European American Classification.
Reg, regular.
Reg., registrar.
REL, release.
REM, rapid eye movement.
REP, repair.
REPS, repetitions.
RES, reticuloendothelial system.
RESNA, Rehabilitation Engineering and Assistive Technology Society of North American.
Resp, respiration, respiratory.
REV, Reticuloendotheliosis virus.
RF, rheumatic fever, rheumatoid factor.
RFA, radiofrequency ablation.
RFA, ratio of fat area.
RFFIT, rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test.
RFI, renal failure index: UNa/(UCr/PCr).
RFLP, restriction-fragment length polymorphism.
RFS, relapse free survival.
RGD, arginine-glycine-asparagine (aminoacid sequence responsible for cell-binding properties of fibronectin, vitronectin, fibrinogen, laminin, collagen).
RGO, reciprocating gait orthosis.
Rh neg. (Rh-), Rhesus factor negative.
Rh pos. (Rh+), Rhesus factor positive.
RH, relative humidity.
RH, Reproductive Health.
Rh, Rhesus (monkey) factor.
rhBMP-2, recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein.
RHD, rheumatic heart disease.
RI, resistive index.
RI, reticulocyte index = (%reticulocyte x pt Hct)/45 x (1/shift correction factor); (shift correction factor = 1.5 for Hct 35%; 2 for Hct 25%; 2.5 for Hct 15%); if RI <2% = hypoproliferative anemia, if RI 2% = excessive destruction or loss.
RIA, radioimmunoassay.
RICE, rest, ice, compression, and elevation.
RIND, reversible ischemic neurologic deficit.
RIS, Risperidone.
RJOS, Ruth Jackson Orthopaedic Society (also: AAOS Specialty Societies).
RK, rabbit kidney.
RL, right lateral.
RLA, Resident Legal Advisor.
RLD, reference lumen diameter.
RLE, rabbit limbal epithelial.
RLE, rabbit liver esterase.
RLE, rat liver epithelial cells.
RLE, rat lung epithelial cells.
RLFP, remaining lifetime fracture probability.
RLL, right lower lobe (lung).
RLQ, right lower quadrant (abdomen).
RM, routine maintenance.
RMA, refuse/s medical assistance.
RML, right middle lobe (lung); right mediolateral.
RMR, resting metabolic rate.
RN, registered nurse.
RNA, ribonucleic acid.
RO, rule out.
ROA, right occiput anterior.
ROC, receiver operating curve analysis.
ROD, removal of drain.
ROI, region of interest.
ROM, range of motion (of joint).
ROMI, Rating of Medication Influences scale (psychiatry).
ROMI, rule-out myocardial infarction.
ROP, retinopathy of prematurity.
ROP, right occiput posterior.
ROS, removal of sutures.
ROS, review of symptoms.
ROS, review of systems.
ROT, right occiput transverse
ROT, rule of thumb.
RP, red pulp.
RP, retrograde pyelogram.
RPD, ERP dispersion.
RPE, retinal pigment epithelium.
RPGN, rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis.
RPI, reticulocyte production index.
RPP, rate pressure product.
RPR, rapid plasma reagin.
RPT, register physical therapy.
RR, relative risk.
RR, respiratory rate.
RR, risk ratio.
RRF, residual renal function.
RRMS, relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis.
RROM, resistive range of motion.
RROSR, RoundupReady* oilseed rape.
RRR, regular rate and rhythm.
RRT, random response technique.
RRT, Registered Respiratory Therapist.
RRT, relative retention time.
RRU, respiratory resistance unit.
RRV-TV, rhesus rotavirus vaccine-tetravalent.
RS, radioscaphoid.
RS, random sample.
RS, rating schedule.
Rs, Rauwolfia serpentina.
RS, Raynaud syndrome.
RS, recipient’s serum.
RS, reclassification sensitivity.
RS, rectal sinus.
RS, rectal suppository.
RS, rectosigmoid.
RS, reducing substance.
RS, Reed-Sternberg cells characteristic for Hodgkin’s disease.
RS, reinforcing stimulus.
RS, Reiter syndrome.
RS, relative stimulus.
RS, renal specialist.
RS, respiratory syncytial (virus).
RS, response to stimulus.
RS, resting subject.
RS, reticulated siderocyte.
RS, retinoschisis.
RS, Rett syndrome.
RS, review of symptoms.
RS, Reye syndrome.
RS, Richter's syndrome (transformation of CLL in DLCL).
RS, right sacrum.
RS, right septum.
RS, right side.
RS, right stellate (ganglion).
RS, Ringer solution.
RS, Roberts syndrome.
RS, Rous sarcoma.
Rs, systemic resistance.
RS3PE, remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema.
RSA, rabbit serum albumin.
RSA, regular spiking activity.
RSA, relative specific activity.
RSA, relative standard accuracy.
RSA, reticulum cell sarcoma.
RSA, right sacroanterior (fetal position).
RSA, right subclavian artery.
RSA, roentgenographic stereogrammetric analysis.
Rsa, systemic arterial resistance.
RSB, Rapid Shallow Breathing Index.
RSB, rectal suction biopsy.
RSB, recurrent sinus barotrauma.
RSB, reticulocyte standard buffer.
RSB, retinal Schiff base.
RSB, right sternal border.
RSB, roasted soybeans.
RSC, rat spleen cell.
RSC, rested state contraction.
RSC, reversible sickle-cell.
RSC, right subclavian.
RScA, right scapuloanterior (fetal position).
RSCN, Registered Sick Children’s Nurse.
RScP, right scapuloposterior (fetal position).
RSD, reflex sympathetic dystrophy.
RSD, relative standard deviation (Srel).
RSDS, reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome.
RSE, rapid spin-echo.
RSEP, right somatosensory evoked potential.
RSES, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale.
RSH, Royal Society of Health.
RSI, rapid sequence induction.
RSI, rapid sequence intubation.
RSI, repetition strain injury.
RSIC, Radiation Shielding Information Center.
R-SIRS, Revised Seriousness of Illness Rating Scale.
RSJVP, rapid-sequence intravenous pyelography.
RSL, radioscapholunate ligament.
RSL, right sacrolateral (fetal position).
RSLD, repair of sublethal damage.
RSM, restriction site mutation.
RSM, risk screening model.
RSM, Royal Society of Medicine.
RSMR, relative standard mortality rate.
RSN, restin.
RSN, right substantia nigra.
RSNA , Radiological Society of North America.
RSO, radiation safety officer.
RSO, Resident Surgical Officer.
RSO, right superior oblique (muscle).
rSO2, regional oxygen saturation.
RSP, removable silicone plug.
RSP, ribose-5-phosphatase.
RSP, right sacroposterior (fetal position).
RSPCA, Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.
RSPH, Royal Society for the Promotion of Health.
RSPK, recurrent spontaneous psychokinesis.
rSr, an electrocardiographic complex.
RSR, regular sinus rhythm.
RSR, relative survival rate.
RSR, right superior rectus (muscle).
RSS, rat stomach strip.
RSS, rectosigmoidoscopy.
RSS, Russell-Silver syndrome.
RSSE, Russian spring-sununer encephalitis.
RSSR, relative slow sinus rate.
RST, radiosensitivity test.
RST, reagin screen test.
RST, right sacrotransverse (fetal position).
RST, rubrospinal tract.
RSTI, Radiological Service Training Institute.
RSTL, relaxed skin tension lines.
RSTMH, Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.
RSTS, retropharyngeal soft tissue space.
RSU, radiological sciences unit.
RSV, respiratory syncytial virus.
RSV, right subclavian vein.
RSV, Rous sarcoma virus.
RSVC, right superior vena cava.
RSVP, retired senior volunteer program.
RT(ARRT), Radiologic Technologist certified by the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists.
RT(N)(ARRT), Radiologic Technologist (Nuclear Medicine) certified by the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists.
RT(R)(ARRT), Registered Technologist, Radiography certified by the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists).
RT(T)(ARRT), Radiologic Technologist (Radiation Therapy) certified by the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists.
rt, lat right lateral.
RT, radiologic technologist.
RT, radiotelemetry.
RT, radiotherapy.
RT, radium therapy.
RT, rapid tranquilization.
RT, reaction time.
RT, reading test.
RT, reciprocating tachycardia.
RT, recreational therapy.
RT, rectal temperature.
RT, reduction time.
RT, Registered Technician.
RT, renal transplantation.
RT, resistance transfer.
RT, respiratory therapist/therapy.
RT, response time.
RT, rest tremor.
RT, retransformation.
RT, reverse transcriptase.
RT, reverse transcription.
rT, ribothymidine.
RT, right thigh.
Rt, right.
RT, room temperature.
RT, Rubinstein-Taybi (syndrome).
Rt, total resistance.
rt., right
RT3, rT3 reverse triiodothyronine.
RT3U, resin T3 uptake.
RTA, ray tracing algorithm.
RTA, renal tubular acidosis.
RTA, reverse transcriptase assay.
RTA, road traffic accident.
RTAD, renal tubular acidification defect.
RTC, random control trial.
RTC, rape treatment center.
RTC, renal tubular cell.
RTC, residential treatment center.
rtc, return to clinic.
RTC, return to clinic.
RTC, round the clock.
RT-CT, radiotherapy dedicated computed tomography.
RTD, renal tubular defect.
Rtd, retarded.
RTD, routine test dilution.
RTECS, Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances.
RTF, resistance transfer factor.
RTF, respiratory tract fluid.
RTG-2, rainbow trout gonadal tissue cells.
rTHF, recombinant tumor necrosis factor.
RTI, respiratory tract infection.
RTI, reverse transcriptase inhibition.
RTK, receptor-tyrosine kinase: rhabdoid tumor of the kidney.
rtl, rectal.
RTM, registered trademark.
rTMS, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.
RTN, renal tubular necrosis.
RTO, return to office.
RTO, right toe off.
RTOG, Radiation Therapy Oncology Group.
RTOG, radiation therapy oncology group.
RTP, radiation treatment planning.
RTP, renal transplantation patient.
RTP, reverse transcriptase-producing (agent).
rt-PA, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator.
rTPA/rtPA, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator.
RTPCR, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction.
RT-PCR, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction.
RTR, Recreational Therapist, Registered.
RTR, red blood cell turnover rate.
RTR, retention time ratio.
RTs, reaction times.
RTS, real time scan.
RTs, relaxation times.
RTs, residence times.
RTs, respiratory therapists.
RTS, respiratory tract secretions.
RTS, Rett syndrome.
RTs, reverse transcriptases.
RTS, revised trauma score.
RTS, revised trauma scores.
RTS, right toestrike.
RTS, Rothmund-Thomson syndrome.
RTS, Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome.
RU 486, antiprogesterone used for abortion in early gestation.
RU, resin uptake.
RU, routine urinalysis.
RUL, right upper lobe (lung).
RUQ, right upper quadrant (abdomen).
RUT, rapid urease test.
RV, residual volume of lung.
RV, right ventricle.
RVAS, right ventricular assist system.
RVDC, right ventricle diastolic collapse.
RVF, right ventricular failure.
RVH, right ventricular hypertrophy.
RVLM, rostral ventrolateral medulla.
RVMI, right ventricle myocardial infarction.
RVP, reduced vascular response; resting venous pressure; right ventricular pressure.
RVQ, relaxed vaginal outlet.
RVR, respiratory rate:tidal volume ratio.
RVT, renal vein thrombosis.
Rx, prescription.
Rx, treatment, therapy.
RXR, retinoid receptors.

S & sx, signs and symptoms
S&S, signs and symptoms.
s(with line over it), without.
S, serine.
s, sine, without.
S, specialist (physician).
S/L, sublingual.
S/M, sudomasochism.
S/P, status post
S/S, signs and symptoms (also SAS).
S3, (cardiac) third sound.
SA, sinoatrial node.
SA, surface area (see BSA).
SAE, serious adverse event.
SAFHS, sonic accelerated fracture healing system.
SAH, subarachnoid hemorrhage.
SAL, saline.
SAM, sulfur-adenosylmethionine.
SaO2, systemic arterial oxygen saturation (%).
SAR, specific absorption rate (MRI).
SAR, suspected adverse reaction.
SARSS, suspected adverse reaction surveillance scheme.
SAS, signs and symptoms (also S/S).
SAS, statistical analysis system.
SASOC, the Social Acceptability Scale of Occlusal Conditions.
SAT, South African territories.
SATO, Sociedad Andaluza de Traumatologia y Ortopedia (Andalusian Society of Traumatology & Orthopaedics).
Sau3A, restriction enzyme from Staphylococcus aureus 3A.
SB, sudan black.
SBB, sudan black B.
SBCP, Sociedade Brasileira de Cirurgia Plastica (Brazilian Society of Plastic Surgery).
SBE, shortness of breath on exertion.
SBE, subacute bacterial endocarditis.
SBFT, small bowel follow through series.
SBM, soybean meal.
SBO, side branch occlusion (in coronary artery stenting).
SBO, skull base osteomyelitis.
SBO, small bowel obstruction.
SBO, soyabean oil.
SBOT, Sociedade Brasileira de Ortopedia e Traumatologia (Brazilian Association of Orthopaedics and Traumatology).
SBP, systemic/ systolic blood pressure.
SC, s.c., subcutaneous.
SC, scaphocapitate.
SC, stratum corneum.
SC, subcutaneous.
SCAI, The Society for Cardiac Angiography and Interventions.
SCAN, suspected child abuse or neglect.
SCC, squamous cell carcinoma.
SCC, standard clinical criteria.
SCCOT, Colombian Society for Orthopaedics and Traumatology.
SCD, sequential compression device.
SCD, sickle cell disease.
SCD, spinocerebellar degenerations.
SCD, sudden cardiac death.
SCDs, scalp current densities.
SCDS, Seychelles Child Development Study.
SCDS, Sheffield child development study.
SCDs, sickle cell diseases.
SCDs, steroid contraceptive drugs.
SCDS, sudden cardiac death syndrome.
SCE, sister-chromatid exchange.
SCF, stem cell factor.
SCFE, slipped capital femoral epiphysis (case report).
SCHIP, State Children's Health Insurance Program.
SCI, spinal cord injury.
SCICU, spinal cord intensive care unit.
SCID, severe combined immunodeficiency disease.
SCIWORA, spinal cord injury without radiologic abnormality (Wheeless Textbook: Fractures).
SCJ, squamocolumnar junction.
SCLC, Small cell lung cancer
SCOI, Southern California Orthopaedic Institute.
SCS, spinal chord stimulation.
SCS, Spinal Cord Society.
SCTN, Scottish Cancer Therapy Network
SD, shoulder disarticulation.
SD, signal detection.
SD, stable disease.
SD, standard deviation.
SDAT, senile dementia of Alzheimer's type.
SDH, sorbitol deshydrogenase.
S-DSA, stepping digital subtraction angiography.
SDU, source delivery unit.
SDU, standard deviation units.
SDV, Source Data Verification
SE, spin echo (MRI).
SE, staphylococcal enterotoxins.
SEB, staphylococcal enterotoxin B.
sec, second.
SEC, spontaneous echo contrast.
SECOT, Sociedad Espanola de Chirurgia Ortopedica y Traumatologia (only Spanish).
sed rate, sedimentation rate.
segs, polymorphonuclear neutrophil
SEHCS, silicones environmental health and safety concil.
SEM, scanning electron microscopy.
SEM, standard error of the mean.
Ser, serine.
SES, sick euthyroid syndrome.
SES, socioeconomic status.
SETTLE, spindle epithelial tumor with thymus-like differentiation.
SF, swine fever.
SFA, French Society of Arthroscopy score.
SFA, saturated fatty acids.
SFA, screen-film angiography.
SFA, spike frequency adaptation.
SFA, spindle frequency activity.
SFA, standing foot angle.
SFA, superficial femoral artery.
SFOP, French Paediatric Oncology Society.
SG, specific gravity.
SGA, small-for-gestational age.
SGC, salivary gland carcinoma.
SGDM, Study Group on Data Management.
sGMM, synthetic glucose monomycolate.
SGO, Society of Gynecologic Oncologists.
SGOT, serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (see AST).
SG-P, silica glass powder.
SGPT, Serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (see ALT).
SH, social history, serum hepatitis.
SH, Society for Hematopathology.
SHAFT, Sad, Hostile, Anxious, Frustrating, Tenacious Syndrome.
SHBG, sex hormone binding globulin.
SHG, sonohysterography.
SHO, Senior House Officer.
SHR, spontaneously hypertensive rats.
SI, International System of Units.
SI, serum iron.
SI, shock index.
SI, Steel (mouse).
SI, syncytium-inducing viral phenotype.
SIADH, syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion.
SICOT, International Society of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology (AAOS Specialty Societies: SICOT US Chapter).
SICU, surgical intensive care unit.
SIDS, Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS Network).
sig, instructions or directions.
SIg, surface immunoglobulins.
SIL, squamous intraepithelial lesions.
SIM, Society of the Internet in Medicine.
SIMA, small intestinal mucinous antigen.
SIOP, International Society of Paediatric Oncology.
SIOT, Societa Italiana di Ortopedia e Traumatologia (Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology).
SIR, standardized incidence ratio.
SIROT, Societee Internationale de Recherche Orthopeique et Traumatologie.
SIRP, signal-regulatory proteins.
SIRS, systemic inflammatory response syndrome.
SIS, small intestinal submucosa (hernia repair).
SITOP, Societa Italiana di Ortopedia e Traumatologia Pediatrica (Italian Society of Paediatric Orthopaedics and Traumatology).
S-K, Sauve Kapandji (procedure).
SK, streptokinase.
sk, trx skeletal traction.
SKSD, SK-SD streptokinase-streptodomase.
sl, in a broad sense (Lat.sensu lato).
SL, sarcolemma.
SL, scapholunate.
SL, sclerosing leukoencephalopathy.
SL, secondary leukemia.
SL, segment length.
SL, sensation level.
SL, sensory latency.
SL, septal leaflet.
SL, short-leg (brace).
SL, Sibley-Lehninger (unit).
SL, signal level.
SL, Sinding Larsen (syndrome).
SL, Sjogren-Larsson (syndrome).
SL, slit lamp.
SL, small lymphocyte.
SL, sodium lactate.
SL, solidified liquid.
SL, sound level.
SL, Stein-Leventhal (syndrome).
sl, stemline.
SL, streptolysin.
sl, sublingual.
SL, sublingual.
SL, systolic wave, latent.
SL1, segment length, inferior.
SL5, segment length, septal.
SLA, left sacroanterior (fetal position) (Lat.sacrolaeva anterior).
SLA, segment length, anterior.
SLA, single-cell liquid cytotoxic assay.
SLA, slide latex agglutination.
SLA, soluble liver antigen.
SLA, superficial linear array.
SLA, surfactant-like activity.
SLAC, scapholunate advanced collapse (wrist).
SLAM, scanning laser acoustic microscope.
SLAM, systemic lupus erythematosus activity measure.
SLAP, serum leucine aniinopeptidase.
SLAP, superior labrum anterior posterior (lesion).
SLAT, simultaneous laryngoscopy and abdominal thrusts.
SLB, short-leg brace.
SLC, secondary lymphoid organ chemokine.
SLC, short leg cast.
SLCC, short-leg cylinder cast.
SLD, SLDH serum lactate dehydrogenase.
SLD, sublethal damage.
SLDR, sublethal damage repair.
SLE, slit lamp examination.
SLE, St.Louis encephalitis.
SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus.
SLEA, sheep erythrocyte antibody.
SLEDAI, systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index.
SLEP, short latent evoked potential.
SLEV, St.Louis encephalitis virus.
SLG, synthetic latex gloves.
SLHR, sex-linked hypophospbatemic rickets.
SLI, selective lymphoid irradiation.
SLI, somatostatin-like immunoreactivity.
SLI, splenic localization index.
SLIC, scanning liquid ionization chamber.
SLIDRC, Student Loan Interest Deduction Restoration Coalition.
SLIL, scapholunate interosseous ligament.
SLIM, synovial-like interface membrane.
SLIP, serial line interface protocol.
SLIR, somatostatjn-like iminunoreactivity.
SLK, superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis.
SLKC, superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis.
SLL, segment length, lateral.
SLL, small lymphocytic lymphoma.
SLM, sound level meter.
SLMC, spontaneous lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity.
SLN, sublentiform nucleus.
SLN, superior laryngeal nerve.
SLNWBC, short-leg non-weight bearing cast.
SLNWC, short-leg nonwalking cast.
SLO, Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome.
SLO, streptolysin O.
SLOS, Smith-Lenili-Opitz syndrome.
SLP, left sacroposterior (fetal position) (Lat.sacrolaeva posterior).
SLP, segmental limb systolic pressure.
SLP, sex-limited protein.
SLP, short luteal phase.
SLP, subluxation of the patella.
SLPI, secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor.
SLPP, serum lipophosphoprotein.
SLR, Shwartzman local reaction.
SLR, single lens reflex.
SLR, straight leg raising.
SLRT, straight leg raising test.
SLS, segment long-spacing.
SLS, short-leg splint.
SLS, single limb support.
SLS, Sjogren-Larsson syndrome.
SLS, stagnant loop syndrome.
SLS, Stein-Leventhal syndrome.
SLT, left sacrotransverse (fetal position) (Lat.sacrolaeva transversa).
SLT, single lung transplantation.
SLT, smokeless tobacco.
SLT, solid logic technology.
SLUD, salivation, lacrimation, urination, defecation.
SLUDGE, salivation, lacrimation, urination, defecation, gastrointestinal upset, emesis.
SLWC, short-leg walking cast.
sm, an small animal.
SM, Master of Science.
SM, sadomasochism.
Sm, samarium.
SM, self-monitoring.
Sm, Serratia marcescens.
SM, silicon microphysiometer.
SM, simple mastectomy.
SM, skim milk.
sm, smear.
Sm, Smith (antigen).
SM, smooth muscle.
SM, somatomedin (insulin-like growth factors).
SM, space medicine.
SM, sphingomyelin.
SM, splenic macrophage.
SM, sports medicine.
SM, streptomycin.
SM, StrUmpell-Marie (syndrome).
SM, submandibular.
SM, submaxillary.
SM, submucous.
sM, suckling mouse.
SM, suckling mouse.
SM, sucrose medium.
SM, suction method.
SM, superior mesenteric.
SM, surgical microscope.
SM, surrogate mother.
SM, sustained medication.
SM, symptoms.
SM, synaptic membrane.
SM, synovial membrane.
SM, systolic motion.
SM, systolic murmur.
sm., small.
SMA, sequential multiple analysis or analyzer; sequential multichannel autoanalyzer: simultaneous multichannel autoanalyzer.
SMA, smooth muscle antibody.
SMA, Society for Medical Anthropology.
SMA, somatomedin A.
SM-A, somatomedin A.
SMA, spinal muscular atrophy.
SMA, spontaneous motor activity.
SMA, Sport Medicine Australia.
SMA, standard method agar.
SMA, superior mesenteric artery.
SMA, supplementary motor area.
SMA-6, Sequential Multiple Analysis in-six different serum tests.
SMABF, superior mesenteric artery blood flow.
SMAC, Sequential Multiple Analyzer Computer.
SMAC, soluble membrane attack complex.
SMAC, sorbitol MacConkey agar.
SMAC, superior mesenteric arterial conductance.
SMaC, Surrogate Marker Cost-Efficacy.
SMAE, superior mesenteric artery embolism.
SMAF, smooth muscle activating factor.
SMAF, specific macrophage arming factor.
SMAG, Special Medical Advisory Group.
SM-AHNMD, systemic mastocytosis with associated clonal hematopoietic non-mast cell lineage disorder.
SMAL, serum methyl alcohol level.
SMAO, superior mesenteric artery occlusion.
SMART, simultaneous multiple angle reconstruction technique.
SMAS, submuscular aponeurotic system.
SMAS, superficial musculo-aponeurotic system.
SMAS, superior mesenteric artery syndrome.
SMAST, Short Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test.
SMB, selected mucosal biopsy.
SMB, standard mineral base.
sMb, suckling mouse brain.
SMBFT, small bowel follow-through.
SMBG, self-monitored blood glucose.
SMC, Scientific Manpower Commission.
SM-C, Sm-C somatomedin C.
SMC, smooth muscle cell.
SMC, somatomedin C.
SM-C, somatomedin C.
SMC, succinylmonocholine.
SM-C/IGF, somatomedin C/insulin-like growth factor.
SMCA, smooth muscle contracting agent.
SMCA, suckling mouse cataract agent.
SMCD, senile macular choroidal degeneration.
SMCD, systemic mast cell disease.
SMCD, systemic meningococcal disease.
SMCR, Smith-Magenis chromosome region.
SMD, senile macular degeneration.
SMD, spondylometaphyseal dysplasia.
SMD, submanubrial dullness.
SMDA, Safe Medical Devices Act (of 1990).
SMDA, starch methylenedianiline.
SMDC, sodium-N-methyl dithiocarbamate.
SMDC, standards for medical device communication.
SMDM, Society for Medical Decision Making.
SMDS, secondary myelodysplastic syndrome.
SME, severe myoclonic epilepsy.
SMED, spondylometaphyseal dysplasia.
SMF, secondary myelofibrosis.
S-Mgb, serum myoglobin.
SMO, Sociedad Mexicana de Ortopedia (only Spanish).
SMP, sympathetic maintained pain.
SMR, sexual maturity ratings.
SMR, submucous resection.
SMS, solitary myofibroma(tosis) of the skin.
SMTP, Stachybotrys microspora triprenyl phenol.
SMX, sulfamethoxazole.
SN, séroneutralization.
SNARF-1, carboxy-seminaphthorhodafluor.
SNLG, Scottish and Newcastle Lymphoma Group.
SNP, sodium nitroprusside.
SO, standing order OR significant other.
SO, superior oblique.
SOA, Southern Orthopaedic Association.
SOAP, symptoms, objective, assessment, and plan.
SOB, shortness of breath.
SOBCOT, Societee Belge de Chirurgie Orthop?ique et de Traumatologie (Belgian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology).
SOCITRAS, Societa Italiana di Traumatologia della Strada (Italian Society of Road Traumatology).
SOFCOT, French Society of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery.
SOFIGO, The International Association of Supporters of FIGO.
sol, solution.
SOMOS, Society of Military Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS).
SOP, standard operating protocol.
sos, if necessary.
SOTOCAV, Sociedad de Ortopedia y Traumatologia de la Comunidad Autonoma Valenciana (only Spanish).
SOTRS, Sociedade de Ortopedia e Traumatologia do Rio Grande do Sul (only Portuguese).
sp. gr., specific gravity.
SP-1, pregnancy-specific beta-1-glycoprotein.
SPC, septal perforator compression.
SPC, soybean phosphatidylcholine.
SPC, sphingosylphosphorylcholine.
SPC, spleen cells.
SPC, spontaneous phasic contractions.
SPC, Summary of Product Characteristics.
SPC, systemic to pulmonary collaterals.
SPD, phase difference" method.
spec, specimen.
SPECT, single photon emission computed tomography.
SPF , S-phase fraction.
SPF, sun protection factor.
S-phase, proliferative index % of tumor cells actively dividing at a given time,
SPIO, superparamagnetic iron oxide MRI enhancement.
S-PMI, subendocardial perioperative myocardial injury.
SPOHNC, Support for People with Oral and Head and Neck Cancer.
SQ, sq, subq., subcutaneous.
sq., squamous.
SR, sedimentation rate.
SR, Show Racer pigeons.
SRIF, somatotropin release-inhibiting factor (somatostatin).
SRS, Scoliosis Research Society (also: AAOS Specialty Societies).
ss, one half.
SS, Salmonella-Shigella agar.
SS, systemic sclerosis.
ss. gl., without glasses (or corrective lenses)
SSA, Social Security Administration (US).
SSC, side scatter (flow cytometry term).
SSCP, substernal chest pain.
SSD, sexual size dimorphism.
SSD, shaded-surface display.
SSD, single saturating dose.
SSD, single-strand damage (DNA).
SSD, Social Security disability.
SSD, source-skin distance.
SSD, source-surface distance.
SSD, speech-sound discrimination.
SSD, succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase.
SSD, sum of square deviations.
SSD, syndrome ofsudden death.
SSE, soap suds enema.
SSE, Spine Society Of Europe.
SSEP, somatosensory evoked potentials.
SSER, somatosensory evoked response.
SSKI, saturated solution of potassium iodine.
SSM, Southern Sports Medicine (& Orthopaedic Center).
SSM, Superficial Spreading Melanoma.
SSR, sympathetic skin response.
SSRI, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor.
SSS, sick sinus syndrome.
SSSS, staphylococcal scalded-skin syndrome.
SstII, restriction enzyme from Streptomyces stanford.
ST, esotropia.
ST, scaphotrapezial.
ST, sulfotransferases.
ST, syncytiotrophoblast.
st., stage of disease.
Staph, Staphylococcus.
STAT, immediately.
STAT, signal transducers and activators of transcription.
STD, sexually transmitted disease.
STD, skin test dose.
STD, standart.
STH, somatotropin.
STI, systolic time intervals.
STIs, soft tissue infections.
STLN, soft tissue lateral neck.
STR, single twitch response (EMG).
STR, slow-twitch red (skeletal muscle).
Strep, Streptococcus.
STRPC, short TRPC.
STS, serological test for syphilis.
STS, single twitch stimulation (EMG).
STS, Society of Thoracic Surgeons.
STSG, split thickness skin graft.
STT, scapho-trapezo-trapezoidal.
STZ, streptozotocin.
subcu., SC, , subcutaneous.
Subq, (sub cutis) subcutaneous.
SUDAAN, software for statistical analysis of correlated data.
SUDS, single-use diagnostic system.
SUFE (radiograph), slip of the upper femoral epiphysis.
supp, suppository.
suppos, suppository.
surg, surgical.
SUs, substance users.
susp, suspension.
SUVs, unilamellar vesicles.
Sv, sievert.
SV, simian virus.
SV, stroke volume.
SV40, simian vacuolating virus no. 40.
SVA, sequential ventriculo-atrial pacing.
SVA, shell vial assay.
SVA, sinus of Valsalva aneurysms.
SVA, supraventricular arrhythmia.
SVA-IFA, shell vial assay-indirect immunofluorescent assay.
SVC, superior vena cava.
SVD, Swine Vesicular Disease.
SVE, of soil vapor extraction.
SVE, saline volume expansion.
SVE, seminal vesicle epithelium.
SVE, Sendai virus envelopes.
SVE, serum vitamin E.
SVE, significant villous edema.
SVE, small volume expansion.
SVE, sports vision evaluations.
SVE, Stressful Vital Events.
SVe, stroke volume echocardiography.
SVE, subcortical vascular encephalopathy.
SVE, supraventricular ectopy.
SVE, supraventricular extrasystole.
SVE, surveillance examinations.
SVE, sustained volume expansion.
SVG, saphenous vein graft.
SVI, stroke volume index.
SvO2, mixed venous hemoglobin saturation.
SVR, systemic vascular resistance.
SVT, supra ventricular tachycardia
SW, software.
SWA, slow-wave activity.
SWI, surgical wound infection.
SWOG, Southwest Oncology Group.
SWPS, Social Welfare Policy & Services.
SWT, systolic wall thickening.
Sx, signs and symptoms.
SX, sulfisoxazole.
Sx, symptom/s.
Sz, seizure.

T sect, transverse section.
T&A, tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy.
T&C, type and crossmatch.
T&T, time and temperature.
T&T, touch and tone.
T, extent of primary tumor.
T, temperature.
T, thoracic, to be followed by number designating specific thoracic vertebra.
T, threonine.
T, thymine.
t.i.d., tid, three times a day.
t.o., telephone order.
T/S, transverse section.
T+S, type and screen.
T0, T1, T2, T3, size of tumor in staging cancers.
T3, triiodothyronine.
T3RU, triiodothyronine resin uptake.
T4, thyroxine.
T4SA, thyroxine-specific activity.
T7, thoracic/dorsal vertebra number 7.
TA, Technical Assistance.
TA, tolfenamic acid.
TAANOS, The American Academy of Neurological and Orthopaedic Surgeons.
tab, (s) tablet(s).
TAC, transient amplifying cells (cells that have the potential to complete a limited number of divisions before differentiating).
TAC, Trauma Association of Canada.
TACHY, tachycardia.
TAE, transarterial embolization.
TAH, total abdominal hysterectomy.
TAM , tamoxifen.
TAM, total active motion.
TAPVC, total anomalous pulmonary venous connection.
TAs, triggered activations.
TAT, tetanus antitoxin.
TAT, thematic apperception test.
TB, tuberculosis.
tbc., TB, tuberculosis.
TBD, to be determined.
TBF, tail blood flow.
TBF, tentacle ball formation.
TBF, terbinafine.
TBF, thyroid blood flow.
TBF, tick-borne fever.
TBF, tissue blood flow.
TBF, total body fat.
TBF, tumor blood flow.
TBG, thyroid binding globulin.
TBI, total body irradiation.
TBMM, total body muscle mass.
TBS, The Bethesda System.
TBS, to be scheduled.
TBSA, total body surface area.
tbsp, tablespoon
TBVF, trabecular bone volume fraction.
TBW, total body water.
TCA, thymus-derived chemotactic agent.
TCA, tricyclic antidepressant.
TCDB, turn, cough, deep breath.
TCF, tissue cage fluid.
TCID50, Tissue Culture Infectious Dose 50 %.
TCPC, tricalcium phosphate ceramic.
TCR, T-cell receptor.
TCRBCL, T-cell-rich B-cell lymphoma.
TCRBJ, TCR J beta.
TCRGR, T-cell receptor gene rearrangement (study).
TCU, transitional care unit.
TCV, tall-cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinomas.
TCV, turnip crinkle virus.
Td, adult tetanus toxoid and reduced-dose diphtheria toxoid.
TD, tardive dyskinesis,
TD, texture-defined.
TDA, toluenediamines.
TDA, Trade and Development Agency.
TDI, toluene diisocyanate (a highly volatile chemical known to cause occupational asthma in exposed workers).
TDLU, terminal-duct-lobular-units.
TdT, terminal deoxynucleotide transferase.
TDT, tooth decay test.
TDT, transmission disequilibrium test.
TDTH cells, a functional subset of T helper cells that are involved in delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions.
TDY, Temporary Duty.
TE, echo time (MRI).
TEC, thromboembolic complications.
TEC, transient erythroblastopenia of childhood.
TEC, transluminal extraction atherectomy.
TECA-LBO, total ear canal ablation-lateral bulla osteotomy.
TEDs, Thromboembolic Deterrent Stockings
TEDS, timed exposure diffusive sampler.
TEDS, transoesophageal echo-Doppler system.
TEDS, Treatment Episode Data Set.
TEE, transesophageal echocardiogram.
TEIL, tobacco EIN3-like.
TEM, Technical Error Measurement.
TEM, transmission electron microscopy.
Temp., T, temperature
TENS, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation.
TF, tail-flick.
TFA, trifluoroacetic acid.
TFCC, triangular fibrocartilage complex.
TFPI, tissue factor pathway inhibitor.
TFT, thin-film transistor.
TFT, thrombus formation time.
TFT, thyroid function test.
TFT, tight filum terminale.
TFT, trifluorothymidine.
TG(6-), 6-Thioguanine (anti cancer drug).
TG, triglycerides.
TGE, transmissible gastroenteritis.
TGF, transforming growth factors.
TGF-" , tumor growth factor alpha.
TGF-$ , tumor growth factor beta.
TGV, thoracic gas volume.
TGV, transposition of great vessels.
TH1, T helper type 1 cell.
TH2, T helper type 2 cell.
THA, tacrine hydrochloride.
THA, total hip arthroplasty (sample operative report).
THBR, thyroid hormone binding ratio.
THBSO, total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy.
THC, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol the psychoactive substance in Cannabis sativa.
THP, total hip prosthesis.
Thr, threonine.
THR, total hip replacement/revision (sample operative report).
THV, terminal hepatic venule (central vein).
Thy-1, a highly abundant glycoprotein on the surface of thymocytes and neurons.
TIA, thanks in advance.
TIA, transient ischemic attacks.
TIBC, total iron-binding capacity.
tid, three times a day (Latin: ter in die).
TIFA, Trade and Investment Framework Agreement.
TIG, tetanus immune globulin.
TIGR, The Institute for Genomic Research.
TIL, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes.
TIMI, Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction.
TIMP, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase.
TIPS, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt.
TIPSS, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunts.
TIS, titanium interbody spacers.
TJ, tetrajoule.
TJ, triceps jerk.
TJ-10, Saiko-keishi-to, herbal medicine.
TJ-41, Hochu-ekki-to (a Japanese herbal medicine).
TJ-43, Liu-Jun-Zi-Tang, a herbal medicine exerting gastroprotective action.
TJ-48, Juzen-taiho-to, a kampo medicine.
TJ-9, Sho-saiko-to, a herbal medicine.
TJ-96, saiboku-to (a herbal preparation).
TJ-960, sho-saiko-to-go-keishi-ka- shakuyakuto (Japanese herbal medicine), a compound known to have free radical scavenging activity.
TJA, total joint arthroplasty.
TJD, transient job disability.
TJD, traumatic joint disease.
TJs, tight junctions.
TK, tyrosine kinase.
TKA, total knee arthroplasty.
TKE, total knee extension.
TKN, total Kjeldahl nitrogen (waste waters treatment).
TKO, to keep open.
TKR, total knee replacement/revision.
TLA, three letter abbreviation/acronym (ha, ha!).
TLC, thin-layer chromatography.
TLC, total lung capacity.
TLD, thermoluminescent dosimeters.
TLI, thymidine labeling index.
TLI, total lymphoid irradiation.
TLR, target lesion revascularization.
TLSO, thoracolumbosacral orthosis.
TLV, threshold limit values.
TM, transmembrane.
TM, tympanic membrane.
TMA, thrombotic microangiopathy.
TMA, tissue microarray infostructure.
TMA, transmetatarsal amputation.
TMA-Gly:CPH, poly[trimellitylimidoglycine-co-1,6-bis(carboxyphenoxy)hexane] - a novel class of polymers with mechanical properties similar to cancellous bone that are being investigated for their ability to be used in weight-bearing areas for orthopedic applications.
TMD, transient myeloproliferative disorder.
TMDC, transverse magnetization decay curve.
TMEP, telangiectasia macularis eruptiva perstans.
TMG, toxic multinodular goiter.
TMGA, tetramethylene glutaric acid.
TMJ, (temporalist mandibulae junctio) temporomandibular joint.
TMP, trimethoprim.
TMP-SMX, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
TMR, transmyocardial revascularization.
TMV, tobacco mosaic virus.
TNF, tumor necrosis factor.
TNI, total needed irradiation.
TNM, tumor, nodes, metastases.
TNT, trinitrotoluene.
TNTC, too numerous to count.
TOA, Texas Orthopaedic Association.
TOD, target organ damage.
TOF, train-of-four (EMG).
top, topically.
TOPV, oral attenuated poliovirus with types 1, 2, and 3.
TOR, total outflow resistance.
TORCH, congenital infections with: T = toxoplasmosis; O = other; R = rubella; C = cytomegalic inclusion disease; H = hepatitis B and herpes.
TOS, thoracic outlet syndrom.
TP, thyropharyngeus muscle.
TP, total pancreatectomy.
TP, total platinum.
TP-5, thymopentin.
TPA, tissue plasminogen activator.
TPI, Treponema pallidum immobilization test.
T-PMI, transmural perioperative myocardial infarction.
TPN, total parenteral nutrition.
TPP, thiamin pyrophosphate.
TPPA, Treponema pallidum.
TPR, temperature, pulse, respirations.
TPR, total peripheral resistance.
TPUR, transperineal urethral resection.
TR, Texas red.
tr., tinct., tincture.
TR/TE, repetition time/echo time.
TRAM-flap, one type of breast reconstruction.
TRAP, tartrate resistant acid phosphatase.
TRAP, telomeric repeat amplification protocol.
TRH, thyrotropin-releasing hormone.
TRIS, tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane.
TRK, transketolase.
TRP II, tricho-rhino-phalangeal syndrome type II.
TRP, transient receptor potential.
Trp, tryptophan.
TRPA, tryptophan-rich prealbumin.
TRPC, transient receptor potential channel proteins.
TrPI, treatment plan.
TRPM, testosterone-repressed prostate message.
TRPO, tryptophan oxygenase.
TRPS, trichorhinophalangeal syndrome.
TRPT, theoretical renal phosphorus threshold.
TRR, total respiratory resistance.
TRS, testicular regression syndrome; total reducing sugars; tubuloreticular structure.
TrS, trauma surgery.
TRSV, tobacco ringspot virus.
TRT, thoracic radiotherapy; transfer ribonucleic acid threonine.
TRU, task-related unit; turbidity-reducing unit.
TRUS, transrectal ultrasonography.
TRV, tobacco rattle virus.
TRVV, total right ventricular volume.
TRX, thioredoxin trx traction.
Tryp, tryptophan.
Ts, skin temperature; tosylate.
TS, T suppressor (cell)
TS, Takayasu syndrome.
TS, Tay-Sachs (disease).
Ts, temperature sensitivity.
TS, temperature, skin.
TS, temporal stem.
TS, tensile strength.
TS, test solution.
TS, thermal stability.
TS, thoracic surgery.
TS, thymidylate synthetase.
TS, time required to complete the S phase of the cell cycle.
TS, tissue space.
TS, total solids (in urine).
TS, Tourette syndrome.
TS, toxic substance.
TS, toxic syndrome.
TS, tracheal sound.
TS, transferrin saturation.
TS, transitional sleep.
TS, transsexual.
TS, transverse section.
TS, transverse sinus.
TS, trauma score.
TS, treadmill score.
TS, triceps surae.
TS, tricuspid stenosis.
TS, triple strength.
TS, tropical sprue.
TS, trypticase soy (plate).
Ts, tsp, teaspoon.
TS, tuberous sclerosis.
TS, tumor-specific.
TS, Turner syndrome.
TS, type-specific.
TSA, technical surgical assistance.
TSA, toluene sulfonic acid.
TSA, total shoulder arthroplasty.
TSA, total solute absorption.
TSA, toxic shock antigen.
TSA, transcortical sensory aphasia.
TSA, trypticase-soy agar.
TSA, tumor surface antigen.
TSA, tumor-specific antigen.
TSA, type-specific antibody.
TSAb, thyroid-stimulating antibody.
TSAP, toxic-shock-associated protein.
TSAS, total severity assessment score.
TSAT, tube slide agglutination test.
TSB, total serum bilirubin; trypticase soy broth; tryptone soy broth.
TSBA, total serum bile acids.
TSBB, transtracheal selective bronchial brushing.
TSC, technetium sulfur colloid; thiosemicarbazide; transverse spinal sclerosis; tuberous sclerosis.
TSCA, Toxic Substances Control Act.
TSCS, Tennessee Self-Concept Scale.
TSD,target-skin distance; Tay-Sachs disease; theory of signal detectability.
TSE, testicular self-examination; tissue-specific extinguisher; total skin examination; trisodium edetate.
TSEB, total skin electron beam.
TSEM, transmission scanning electron microscopy.
TSES, Target Symptom Evaluation Scale.
T-set, tracheotomy set.
TSF, testicular feminization syndrome; thrombopoiesis-stimulating factor; total systemic flow; triceps skinfold.
TSG, tumor-specific glycoprotein.
TSGP, tumor-specific glycoprotein.
TSH, thyroid stimulating hormone.
TSH, transient synovitis of the hip.
TSHA, thyroid-stimulating hormone, alpha chain.
TSHB, thyroid-stimulating hormone, beta chain.
TSHR, thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
TSH-RF, thyroid-stimulating hormone-releasing factor.
TSH-RH, thyroid-stimulating hormone-releasing hormone.
TSI, thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin.
TSI, triple sugar iron.
TSIA, total small intestine allotransplantation.
TSIA, triple sugar iron agar.
tSIDS, totally unexplained sudden infant death syndrome.
TSL, terminal sensory latency.
TSM, type-specific M protein.
Tsp, teaspoon.
TSP, testis-specific protein.
TSP, thrombin-sensitive protein.
TSP, thrombospondin.
TSP, total serum protein.
TSP, total suspended particulate.
TSP, trisodium phosphate.
TSP, tropical spastic paraparesis.
TSPA, thiotepa.
TSPAP, total serum prostatic acid phosphatase.
TSPL, transplant.
TSPP, tetrasodium pyrophosphate.
TSR, target site restenosis.
TSR, theophylline sustained release.
TSR, thyroid to serum ratio.
TSR, total systemic resistance.
TSS, total suspended solids.
TSS, toxic shock syndrome.
TSS, tropical splenomegaly syndrome.
TSSA, tumor-specific cell surface antigen.
TSSE, toxic shock syndrome exotoxin.
TSST, toxic shock syndrome toxin.
TSST-1, toxic shock syndrome toxin-1.
TST, thiosulfate sulfur-transferase.
TST, thromboplastin screening test.
TST, total sleep time.
TST, transforming sequence, thyroid.
TST, treadmill stress test.
TST, tricipital skinfold thickness.
TST, tumor skin test.
TSTA, toxoplasmin skin test antigen.
TSTA, tumor-specific tissue antigen.
TSTA, tumor-specific transplantation antigen.
TSU, triple sugar urea (agar).
TSV, total stomach volume.
TSVR, total systemic vascular resistance.
TSY, trypticase soy yeast.
TT, tablet triturate.
TT, tactile tension.
TT, tactile threshold.
TT, tendon transfer.
TT, test tube.
TT, testicular torsion.
TT, tetanus toxin.
TT, tetanus toxoid.
TT, tetrathionate.
TT, tetrazol.
TT, therapeutic touch.
TT, thrombin time.
TT, thrombolytic therapy.
TT, thymol turbidity.
TT, tibial tubercle.
TT, tilt table.
TT, tolerance test.
TT, total thyroxine.
TT, total time.
TT, transferred to.
TT, transient tachypnea.
TT, transit time.
TT, transthoracic.
TT, transtracheal.
TT, tube thoracostomy.
TT, tuberculin test.
TT, tuberculoid (in Ridley-Jopling Hansen disease classification).
TT, tumor thrombus.
TT, turnover time.
TT2, total diiodothyronine.
TT3, total triiodothyronine.
TT4, total thyroxine.
TTA, tetanus toxoid antibody.
TTA, timed therapeutic absence.
TTA, total toe arthroplasty.
TTA, transtracheal aspiration.
TTAP, threaded titanium acetabular prosthesis.
TTB, third trimester bleeding.
TTC, triphenyltetrazolium chloride (stain for lactic dehydrogenase).
TTC, triphenyltetrazolium chloride.
TTC, T-tube cholangiogram.
TTD, temporary total disability.
TTD, tissue tolerance dose.
TTD, transient tic disorder.
TTD, transverse thoracic diameter.
TTD, trichothio-dystrophy.
TTE, transthoracic echocardiography.
TTFD, tetrahydrofurfuryldisulfide.
TTG, T-cell translocation gene.
TTG, telethermography.
TTG, tellurite, taurocholate, and gelatin.
TTGA, tellurite, taurocholate, and gelatin agar.
TTH, thyrotropic hormone.
TTH, tritiated thymidine.
TTI, tension-time index.
TTI, timepto-intubation.
TTI, time-tension index.
TTI, torque-time interval.
TTI, transtracheal insufflation.
TTN, transient tachypnea.
TTP, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.
TTR, transthyretin.
TTV, therapeutic trial visit.
TTWB, toe touch weight bearing.
TTX, tetrodotoxin.
TU, tuberculin units (in Mantoux test).
TUIP, transurethral incision of the prostate.
TULIP, transurethral ultrasound-guided laser induced prostatectomy.
TUMT, transurethral microwave thermotherapy.
TUNA, transurethral needle ablation (prostatic).
TUNEL, TdT-mediated-dUTP nick end labeling, enzymatic labeling of DNA fragments in apoptotic cells.
TUR, transurethral resection.
TURB, transurethral resection of bladder.
TURBT, transurethral resection of bladder tumor.
TURP, transurethral resection of the prostate; transurethral prostatectomy.
TV, total volume.
TVA, temporal (beat-to-beat) variability of repolarization in amplitude.
TvC, treatment versus control.
TVF, target vessel failure.
TVH, total vaginal hysterectomy.
TVH, turkey virus hepatitis.
TVR, target vessel restenosis.
TVR, target vessel revascularization.
TVT, target value tailored apheresis.
TVT, temporal (beat-to-beat) variability of repolarization in time.
TVT, tension-free vaginal tape.
TVT, thermal vascular test.
TVT, total ventilation time.
TVT, Transmissible venereal tumour.
TvT, treatment versus treatment.
TVT, Trivittatus.
TVT, tunica vaginalis testis.
TVUS, transvaginal ultrasound.
TWG, total weight gain.
Tx, therapy or treatment.
TXA2, thromboxane A2.
TXB2, thromboxane B2.
Tyr, tyrosine.

Medical Abbreviations (N, O, P)- Useful for Coding and Transcription

N&M, nerves and muscles.
N&T, nose and throat.
N&V, nausea and vomiting.
N, asparagine.
N, Nitrogen.
N, normal (concentration of solution).
N, regional lymph node metastasis.
N/A, not applicable.
N/C, nucleocytoplasmic area ratio.
N/T, numbness and tingling.
N/V, nausea and vomiting.
N/V/D/C, nausea/vomiting/diarrhea/constipation.
NA, no abnormalities.
NA, not admitted.
NA, not applicable.
NA, not available.
Na, sodium.
NAA, no apparent abnormalities.
NAACCR, North American Association of Central Cancer Registries.
NAAOP, National Association for the Advancement of Orthotics & Prosthetics.
NABCO, National Alliance of Breast Cancer Organizations.
NABS, normoactive bowel sounds.
NaC, Na channels.
NAC, N-acetyl-L-cysteine.
NAC, nascent polypeptide associated complex.
NAC, nitrogen assimilation control protein.
NAC, non-amyloid component (of Alzheimer's disease amyloid), alpha-synuclein.
Nac, nucleus accumbens.
NaCl, sodium chloride.
NAD, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.
NAD, no active disease.
NAD, no acute disease.
NAD, no acute distress.
NAD, no apparent distress.
NAD, nothing abnormal detected.
NADP, nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate.
NADW, National Arthritis Data Workgroup.
NAI, no acute infection.
NAON, National Association of Orthopaedic Nurses.
NAOT, National Association of Orthopaedic Technologists.
NAPRA, National Association of Pharmacy Regulatory Authorities.
NAR, narcotic.
NAR, no action required.
NARD, National Association of Retail Druggists.
NARD, Netherlands Centre for Monitoring of Adverse Reactions to Drugs.
NARD, no apparent respiratory distress.
NARD, nominal absorbed radiation dose.
NAS, National Academy of Sciences.
NASH, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
NASPEM, North American Society for Pediatric Exercise Medicine.
NASS, North American Spine Society (also: AAOS Related Organizations).
NAT, nucleic acid amplification testing.
NATA, National Athletic Trainers Association.
NaTT, sodium tetrathionate.
NB, newborn.
NBI, no bone injury.
NBM, nothing by mouth.
NBP, non-invasive blood pressure.
NBS, normal breath sounds.
NC, no change.
NC, no complaint.
NC, non-contributory.
NC, nuclear cytoplasmic (ratio).
NC/AT, normocephalic/atraumatic.
NCBI, National Center for Biotechnology Information (US).
NCC, National Competition Council (AU).
NCC, National Consumer Council (UK).
NCC, National Coordinating Center.
NCCF, National Childhood Cancer Foundation (USA).
NCCI, National Consultative Committee on Immunization.
NCCI, nervi corpori cardiaci interni.
NCCI, noncardiac cerebral ischemia.
NCCLS, National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards.
NCD, not considered disabling.
NCEP, National Cholesterol Education Program.
NCHS, National Center for Health Statistics.
NCI, National Cancer Institute (USA).
NCNS, no complications, no sequelae.
NCO, no complaints offered.
NCPP, National Collaborative Perinatal Project.
NCR paper, no carbon required paper.
NCR, no cardiac resuscitation.
NCRA, National Cancer Registrars Association (USA).
NCS, nerve conduction studies.
NCV, nerve conduction velocities.
NCV, non-cholera vibrios.
NCV, nuclear coefficient of variance.
ND, non distended.
ND, nondisabling.
NDA, new drug application.
NDF, neutral detergent fiber.
NDSAC, National Drug Scheduling Advisory Committee (Canada).
NE, nerve ending.
NE, neurologic examination.
NEC, necrotizing enterocolitis.
NEC, Nursing Education Coalition.
NECCR, North of England Children's Cancer Research Unit.
NED, no effort detected.
NED, no evidence of disease.
NEFA, non-esterified fatty acids.
neg, negative.
NEJM, New England Journal of Medicine.
NEO, neostigmine.
NER, no evidence of recurrence.
NERD, no evidence of recurrent disease.
NETA, norethisterone acetate.
Neuro - neurology, neurological
NFR, not for resuscitation.
NFRA, National Fibromyalgia Research Association (US).
NFs, neurofilaments.
ng, nanogram (millimicron) - 0.000000001 gram.
NG, N-G, nasogastric.
NGO, Non-Governmental Organization.
NGT, nasogastric tube.
NGU, nongonococcal urethritis.
NH, natural health.
NH, neurologic history.
NH, neuropsychiatric hospital.
NH, nursing home
NHANES, II, Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
NHIS, National Health Interview Survey.
NHL, non Hodgkin's lymphoma.
NHSCR, National Health Service Central Registry (UK).
NIA, National Institute on Aging.
NIAMS, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (US).
NICU, neonatal intensive care unit.
NICU, neurointensive care unit.
NIDA, National Institute on Drug Abuse.
NIDDM, non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, type II.
NIDRR, National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research.
NIF, negative inspiratory force.
NIH, National Institute of Health (US).
NII, neuronal intranuclear inclusion.
NIL, nothing.
NIMH, National Institute of Mental Health.
NIP, no infection present; no inflammation present.
NIPB, non-invasive blood pressure.
NIRS, Near Infrared Spectroscopy.
NIRVANA, NIR Vascular Advanced North American.
NISMAT, Nicholas Institute of Sports Medicine and Athletic Trauma.
NK, natural killer cells (large lymphocytes, part of the immune system).
NK, not known.
NKA, no known allergies.
NKCA, National Kidney Cancer Association (USA).
NKD, no known disease.
NKDA, no known drug allergies.
NKHS, non-ketotic hyperosmolar syndrome.
NL, normal limits.
NL, normal.
NLG, natural latex gloves.
NLG, nerve conduction velocities.
NLG, Nictitans lacrimal gland.
NLG, noreleagnine.
NLM, National Library of Medicine (part of NIH).
NLP, no light perception; normal light perception.
NLS, nuclear localization signal.
NLT, not lower than.
NM, neuromuscular.
NM, nodular melanoma.
NM, not measured.
NM, not mentioned.
NMA, neurogenic muscular atrophy.
NMBA, neuromuscular blocking agent.
NMdNM, N-methyl-1-deoxynojirimycin.
NMDP, National Marrow Donor Program.
NMJ, neuromuscular junction.
NMKI, Nordic Committee for Food Analysis.
NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance (scan).
NMS, neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
NMSC, non melanoma skin cancer.
NMSS, National Multiple Sclerosis Society.
NMT, not more than.
NMZL, nodal marginal zone b-cell lymphoma.
NN, neonatal; nerves; nurse notes.
NNFF, National Neurofibromatosis Foundation (USA).
NNP, 4-hydroxy-3.5-dinitrophenyl.
NNP, diabetic non-neuropathic.
NNP, neonatal nurse practitioners.
NNP, nerve net pulses.
NNP, N-nitroso-2-nitrophenacetin.
NNP, N-nitrosopiperidine.
NNP, N-nitrosopropranolol.
NNP, N-nitrosopyrrolidine.
NNP, non-histone nuclear proteins.
NNP, non-neoplastic pneumopathy.
NNP, nonneoplastic polyps.
NNP, non-pregnant normotensive women.
NNP, normal non-pregnant.
NNP, nose/nasopharynx.
NNP, sodium nitroprusside.
NNP-1, novel nuclear protein (HGMW-approved symbol D21S2056E).
NNPs, nerve net pulses.
NNR, not necessary to return.
NNT, number needed to treat.
NO, nitric oxide.
no, number.
NO2, nitrogen dioxide.
NOAEL, no observable adverse effect level.
NOC, night.
NOD, non-obese diabetic.
NOEL, no observable effect level.
NOF, National Osteoporosis Foundation.
NOF, neck of femur.
NOHA, Nominal Ocular Hazard Area.
NOK, next of kin.
NONAS, number of non-aligned proximal tooth surfaces.
non-IgSF, non-Ig superfamily.
NONMEM, nonlinear mixed effect model.
NOP, no ocular pain; not otherwise provided for.
NORD, National Organization for Rare Disorders (USA).
NOS, nitric oxide synthase.
NOS, no organisms seen.
NOS, not on staff;
NOS, not otherwise specified.
NotI, restriction enzyme from Nocardia otitidis-cavarium.
NOV, Nederlandse Orthopaedisch Vereniging (Dutch Orthopaedic Association).
NP, nasopharynx; neuropathology; not palpable.
NP, nonpreferring (alcohol).
NP, nurse practitioner.
NPC, nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
NPC, no previous complaint
NPCMD, p-nitrophenoxycarbonyl methyl disulfide.
NPD, no pathologic diagnosis.
NPDL, nodular poorly differentiated lymphocytes.
NPH, neutral protamine Hagedorn - an intermediate acting insulin.
NPH, no previous history.
NPI, National Program of Immunization.
NPI-NH, neuropsychiatric inventory/nursing home.
NPN, nonprotein nitrogen (BUN and creatinine).
nPNA, normalized protein nitrogen appearance rates.
NPO MN, nothing by mouth after midnight.
NPO, nil per os - nothing by mouth.
NPP, National Population Policy.
NPT, normal pressure and temperature.
NPV, negative predictive value.
NQMI, non-Q-wave myocardial infarction.
NQWMI, non-Q-wave myocardial infarction.
NR, nerve root.
NR, not recommended.
NR, not remarkable.
NRBC, nucleated red blood cells.
NRC, National Research Council.
NRCS, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
NRCT, National Registry of Childhood Tumors (UK) held by the CCRG at Oxford.
NRI, nerve root involvement or irritation.
NRL, natural rubber latex.
NRM, normal range of motion.
NRN, no return necessary.
NROM, normal range of motion.
NRT, nicotine replacement therapy.
NRTI, nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
NS, nephrotic syndrome.
NS, nerves; neurosurgery; no show, nonspecific.
NS, nonserrated cells (type of basal epidermal cells).
NS, normal saline (solution).
NS5A. nonstructural protein 5A.
NSA, no significant abnormalities.
NSAD, no sign of significant disease.
NSAID, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
NSC, neurosecretory cells.
NSC, no significant change.
NSCIA, National Spinal Cord Injury Association.
NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer.
NSD, no significant defect.
NSD, normal spontaneous delivery.
NSDD-38, National Security Decision Directive-38.
NSE, neuron-specific enolase - a neural marker.
NSE, non-specific esterase.
NSF, no significant findings.
NSG, nursing.
NSH, National Health Service (UK).
NSHD, nodular sclerosing Hodgkin's disease.
NSI, no sign of infection, inflammation.
NSM, neurosecretory material.
NSMI, National Sports Medicine Institute of the United Kingdom.
NSR, non significant result.
NSR, normal sinus rhythm.
NSS, normal saline solution; normal size and shape.
NSVD, normal spontaneous vaginal delivery.
NSX, N4-acetylsulfisoxazole.
NSx, neonatally splenectomized (animals).
NT, naso-tracheal; nerve treatment; normal temperature; no test, not tested.
NT, non tender.
NT, normal range.
nt, nucleotide.
NTD, neural tube defect.
NTG, nitroglycerine.
NTM, nontuberculous mycobacteria.
NTP, National Toxicology Program.
NTP, normal temperature and pressure.
NTS, nucleus tractus solitarius.
NUFIP, nuclear FMRP-interacting protein.
NV, nausea vomiting.
NV, neurovascular.
NVD, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.
NVI, iris neovascularization.
NWB, non-weight bearing.
NWOTA, North West Orthopaedic Trainees Association
NXG, necrobiotic xanthogranuloma.
NYD, not yet diagnosed.
NYHA, New York Heart Association.

O&E, observation and examination
O&P, ova and parasite
O.&A., odontectomy and alveolectomy
O/E, on examination.
O:, objective.
O’p-DDD, mitotane.
O2, oxygen
OA, occiput posterior.
OA, osteoarthritis.
OAP, osteoarthropathy.
OARG, Osteoporosis and Arthritis Research Group.
OARS, Osteoarthritis Research Society.
OATA, Ohio Athletic Trainers Association.
OATS, osteochondral autograft transfer system.
OB, obstetrics.
OB/OJ ratio, overbite (OB) and horizontal overjet (OJ) ratio.
Ob-GYN, obstetrics and gynecology.
OBJ, object; objective.
OBL, oblique.
OBP, ova, blood and parasites.
OBS, observer.
OBS, obstetrics.
OBS, organic brain syndrome.
OC, obsessive/compulsive.
OC, on call
OC, oral contraceptive; office call.
OCC, occasionally.
OCC, occiput.
OCC, occupation.
OCD, obsessive-compulsive disorder.
OCD, osteochrondritis dissecans.
OCE, comprehensive exam.
OCE, observable cholinomimetic effects.
OCE, odd-carbon fatty acid enriched.
oCE, oligomeric carboxylesterases.
OCE, oral conjugated estrogens.
OCE, osteocartilaginous exostoses.
OCEs, Oct-containing composite elements.
OCF, occipital-frontal circumference.
OCG, oral cholecystogram.
OCP, oral contraceptive pills.
OCS, open canalicular system (about platelets).
OD, (oculus dexter) right eye.
OD, occupational disease.
OD, officer of the day.
OD, once daily.
OD, optic density.
OD, outer diameter.
OD, overdose.
ODA, on day of admission.
ODN, oligodeoxynucleotide.
ODS, Oswestry Disability Score.
OE, on examination; orthopedic examination; otitis externa
OECI, Organization of European Cancer Institutes.
OES, old English sheepdog.
OFFA, Orthopaedic Foundation for Animals.
OGE, U.S.Office of Government Ethics.
OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test.
OH, occupational history.
OHCS(17-), 17-hydroxcorticosteroids.
OHS, open heart surgery.
OIA, optical immunoassay.
OIF, Osteogenesis Imperfecta Foundation.
Oint, ointment.
OJ, isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase.
OJ, obstructive jaundice.
OJ, orange juice.
OJ, Orthodontist Judgment.
OJ, overjet (type of maloclusion).
OL, open label.
OLSNA, Orthopaedic Laser Society of North America.
OM, obtuse marginal artery.
OM, occupational medicine.
OM, osteopathic manipulation.
OM, otitis media.
OMCTS, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane.
OMS, osteomyelosclerosis.
ON, optic neuritis.
ONC, oncology.
ONDCP, Office of National Drug Control Policy.
ONFH, osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
OO, osteoid osteoma.
OOB, out of bed.
OOH, out of hospital.
OOP, out of plaster.
OP, occiput posterior.
OP, operation.
OP, opponens pollicis.
OP, out patient.
OPC, oculopalatocerebral (syndrome).
OPC, outpatient clinic.
OPCA, olivopontocerebellar atrophy.
OPCD, olivopontocerebellar degeneration.
OPCOS, oligomenorrheic polycystic ovary syndrome.
OPD, obstetric prediabetic.
OPD, optical path difference.
OPD, otopalatodigital (syndrome).
OPD, outpatient department.
OPD, outpatient dispensary.
OPD, p-phetiylenediamine.
OpDent, operative dentistry.
OPDG, ocular plethysmodynamography.
OPG, ocular pneumoplethysmography.
opg, opening.
OPG, orthopantomograin.
OPG, osteoprotegerin.
OPG, oxypolygelatin.
OPH, obliterative pulmonary hypertension; ophthalmia.
OPH, Oph ophthalmology; ophthalmoscopy, ophthalmoscope.
OPHC, Office of Prepaid Health Care.
OphD, Doctor of Ophthalmology.
Ophth, ophthalmology.
OPI, obliteration prediction index.
OPI, oculoparalytic illusion; Omnibus Personality Inventory.
OPI, opiates.
OPI, osteoblastic proliferation index.
OPI, overproduction inhibition.
OPIDN, organophosphorus-induced delayed neuropathy.
OPK, optokinetic.
OPL, other party liability; outer plexiform layer; ovine placental lactogen.
OPLL, ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament.
OPM, occult primary malignancy; Office of Personnel Management; ophthalmoplegic migraine.
OPN, ophthalmic nurse; osteopontin.
OPO, Organ Procurement Organization.
opp, opposite.
OPP, opposite.
OPP, osmotic pressure of plasma; oxygen partial pressure.
OPPA, vincristine, procarbazine, prednisone, Adriamycin.
OPPG, oculopneumoplethysmography.
OPRD, opiate receptor delta.
OPRK, opiate receptor kappa.
OPRR, Office of Protection from Research Risks.
OPRT, orotate.. pbosphoribosyltransferase.
OPRTase, orotate phosphoribosyltransferase.
OPS, operations; optical position sensor; osteoporosis-pseudolipoma syndrome; outpatient service; outpatient surgery.
OPSA, ovarian papillary serous adenocarcinoma.
OpScan, optical scanning.
OPSI, overwhelming postsplenectomy infection.
OPSR, Office of Professional Standards Review.
opt, best (Lat. Optimus); optics, optician.
OPT, outpatient treatment.
OPT, outpatient; outpatient treatment.
OPTHD, optimal hemodialysis.
OPV, oral polio vaccine.
OPV, oral poliovirus vaccine.
OPWL, opiate withdrawal.
OR&F, open reduction and fixation; open reading frame.
OR, (o)estrogen receptor; odds ratio; oil retention (enema]; open reduction; operating room; optic radiation; oral rehydration; orosomucoid; orthopedic; orthopedic research.
OR, open reduction.
OR, operating room.
Or, orbitale.
OR, oriented.
O-R, oxidation-reduction.
OR, rate of outflow.
ORA, opiate receptor agonist.
ORA, Orthopaedic Rehabilitation Association (AAOS Specialty Societies).
ORALABX, oral antibiotics.
ORANS, Oak Ridge Analytical System.
ORBC, ox red blood cell.
ORBD-NRC, Osteoporosis and Related Bone Diseases - National Resource Center.
ORC, oculo-reno-cerebellar [syndrome].
Orcb, orchitis.
ORD, optical rotatory dispersion; oral radiation death.
ORDS, Office of Research, Demonstration, and Statistics.
ORE, oil retention enema.
OREF, Orthopaedic Research and Education Foundation.
ORF, open reading frame.
ORF, open reading frames.
Org, org, organic.
ORIF, open reduction with internal fixation (sample operative report).
OrJ, orange juice.
ORJF, open reduction jaw fracture.
ORL, otorhinolaryngology.
ORM, orosomucoid; other regulated material; oxygen ratio monitor.
ORMC, oxygen ratio monitor controller.
ORN, operating room nurse; orthopedic nurse.
Orn, ornithine.
ORNL, Oak Ridge National Laboratoiy.
ORO, oil red 0.
OROS, oral osmotic.
ORP, operating room personnel.
ORP, oxidation-reduction potential.
ORPM, orthorhythniic pacemaker.
ORS, olfactory reference syndrome.
ORS, oral rehydration solution.
ORS, oral surgery, oral surgeon.
ORS, Orthopaedic Research Society (also: AAOS Specialty Societies).
ORS, orthopedic surgeon, orthopedic surgery.
ORS, oxygen radical scavengers.
ORSA, osteoclast resorption stimulating activity.
ORS-ROC, Orthopedic Research Society, Republic of China.
ORT, object relations technique; operating room technician; oral rehydration therapy.
ORT, operating room technician.
orth, ortho orthopedics, orthopedic.
Ortho, ORTH, orthopedics.
ORV, Orthopaedic Research of Virginia.
ORW, Osler-Rendu-Weber (syndrome).
OS, (oculus sinister) left eye.
OS, bone.
Os, occipitosacral.
Os, occupational safety.
Os, office surgery.
Os, Omenn syndrome.
Os, opening snap.
Os, operating system.
Os, oral surgery.
OS, oral surgery.
Os, organ specific.
OS, oris, mouth or other opening.
Os, orthopedic surgeon, orthopedic surgery.
Os, Osgood-Schlatter [disease].
Os, osmium.
OS, osteogenic sarcoma (context bone tumors).
Os, osteogenic sarcoma.
Os, osteosarcoma.
Os, osteosclerosis.
Os, oubain sensitivity.
Os, overall survival.
OS, overall survival.
Os, oxygen saturation.
OS, ozone safe.
OSA, obstructive sleep apnea.
OSA, Office of Services to the Aging.
OSA, Optical Society of America.
OSA, ovarian sectional area.
OSAE, Orthopaedic Special Assessment Examination (for AAOS members: Medical Education Section).
OSAS, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.
osc, oscillation.
OSCAR, on-line survey, certification and reporting system.
OSCC, oral squamous cell carcinoma.
OSCE, objective structured clinical examination.
OSF, organ system failure; osteoclast-stimulating factor; outer spiral fiber; overgrowth stimulating factor.
OSH, Act Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970.
OSHA, Occupational Safety and Health Adminstration.
OSI, open systems interconnection [reference model].
osm, osmole; osmosis, osmotic.
OSM, ovine submaxillary mucin; oxygen saturation meter.
Osm/kg, osmoles per kilogram.
Osm/l, osmoles per liter.
OSMED, otospondylometaphyseal dysplasia.
osmol, osmole.
OSR, oilseed rape.
OSRD, Office of Scientific Research and Development.
oss, osseous.
OSS, over-the-shoulder strap.
OST, object sorting test; Office of Science and Technology.
osteo, osteoarthritis; osteomyelitis; osteopathy.
OSTOP, Osteoporosis Society of British Columbia.
OSUK, Ophthalmological Society of the United Kingdom.
OSV, Orbis Sigma Valves Type I.
OT, objective test; oblique talus; occlusion time; occupational therapist, occupational therapy; ocular tension; office therapy; old term (in anatomy).
OT, objective test; occupational therapy.
OT, occupational therapy, old tuberculin.
OT, old tuberculin (Koch's old tuberculin) or Koch's original tuberculin.
OT, olfactory threshold; optic tract; orientation test ; original tuberculin; ornithine transcarbamylase; orotracheal; orthopedic treatment; otolaryngology; otology; oxytocin; oxytryptamine.
Ot, otolaryngology.
OTA, occupational therapy assistant.
OTA, Office of Technology Assessment.
OTA, ornithine transaminase.
OTA, Orthopaedic Trauma Association (Newsletter) (also: AAOS Specialty Societies).
OTA, orthotoluidine arsenite.
OTC, over the counter (a drug that can be obtained without a prescription).
OTM, os tibiale mediale.
Oto, otology.
OTRPC, osm TRPC.
OU, (oculus uterqie) each eye.
OV, office visit.
OWL, Orthopaedic Web Links.
OXT, oxytocin.
oz, ounce.

2PD, two point discrimination.
6-PGD, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase.
P&A, percussion and auscultation
P&S, permanent and stationary
P(a-ET)CO2, arterial-end tidal PCO2 difference (should be less than 7 mmHg).
p(with line over it), after, post.
p, pathological.
P, periarteriolar lymphocyte sheath (about spleen).
P, phosphorus, pressure, pulse, para.
P, product.
P, proline.
p.r.n., pro re nata (as needed).
P:, plan.
P02, pressure of oxygen
p24, viral protein specific to HIV virus.
p53, a tumor suppressor gene.
PA(S)P, pulmonary artery (systolic) pressure.
PA, pernicious anemia.
PA, phagocytic activity.
PA, physician assistant.
PA, polyactive.
PA, posteroanterior (view in X-rays).
PA, pulmonary artery.
PAB, PBS/bovine serum albumin/azide buffer.
PAC, porous apatite ceramics.
PAC, premature atrial contraction.
PACAP, Pituitary adenylate-cyclase-activating polypeptide.
PaCO2 (kPa), carbon dioxyde partial pressure in arterial blood.
PaCO2, partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood.
PACU, post anesthesia care unit.
PAD, palmar adductors.
PAD, peripheral arterial disease.
PAD, peripheral arteriosclerotic disease.
PAD, preliminary anatomic diagnosis.
PADP, pulmonary artery diastolic pressure.
PAEDP, pulmonary artery end-diastolic pressure (normal range 4-13 mmHg).
PAF, platelet-activating factor.
PAHO, Pan American Health Organization.
PAI, physical activity index.
PAL, posterior axillary line.
PALS, pediatric advanced life support (training course).
PALS, periarteriolar lymphocyte sheath.
PAM, Potential Acuity Meter.
PAN, polyarteritis nodosa.
p-ANCA, perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies.
PAO, periarticular ossification.
PaO2, partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood.
PAOD, peripheral arterial occlusive disease.
PAOP, pulmonary artery occluded pressure.
PAOP, pulmonary artery occlusive pressure (a.k.a.PCWP).
Pap, Papanicolaou smear.
PAP, peroxidase antiperoxidase.
PAP, prostatic acid phosphatase.
PAP, pulmonary artery pressure (normal mean 9-19 mmHg) .
para, number of pregnancies.
pares., paresthesias.
PARP, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase.
PARQ, Parent-Adolescent Relationship Questionnaire.
PARQ, Parental Acceptance/Rejection Questionnaire.
PARQ, Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire.
PARQ, physical activity recall questionnaire.
PASG, pneumatic anti-shock garment.
PASI, psoriasis area and severity index (scoring of erythema, induration, scaling and involved area).
PAT, paroxysmal atrial tachycardia.
Path, pathology.
PB, phenobarbital.
PBB, polybrominated biphenyls (intoxication cause disorders of immune function).
PBC, primary biliary cirrhosis.
PBD, Pick body dementia.
PBI, protein bound iodine.
PBL, primary brain lymphoma.
PBL, problem-based learning.
PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
PBN, phenyl-N-tert-butyl nitrone.
pBNP, porcine brain natriuretic peptide.
PBO, placebo.
PBOSRF, Palm Beach Orthopaedic and Spinal Research Foundation.
PBPC, peripheral blood progenitor cells.
PBPs, Penicillin-binding Proteins.
PBS, phosphate buffered saline.
PBS, postprandial bood sugar.
PBSC, peripheral blood stem cell.
pc, after meals.
PC, personal computer.
PC, pheochromocytoma.
PC, phone call.
PC, plasma cells.
pc, post cenam, after meals.
PC, posterior cervical.
PC, present complaint.
PCA, patient controlled analgesia.
PCB, polychlorinated biphenyls, toxic used in manufacture of electrical transformers.
PCB, production cell bank.
PCBA, printed circuit board assembled.
PCC, primary cell culture.
PCCE, pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.
PCD, programmed cell death.
PCF, posterior cervical fusion.
PCG, pancreatico-cholangiography.
PCG, paracervical ganglion.
PCG, phonocardiogram.
PCG, preventive care group.
PCG, primate chorionic gonadotropin.
PCG, pubococcygeus.
PCH, paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria.
PCIOL, posterior chamber intraocular lens.
PCKD, all parameters rechecked.
PCKD, polycystic kidney disease.
PCL, posterior cruciate ligament.
PCL, primary cerebral lymphoma.
PCL, primary cutaneous lymphoma.
PCLI, bone marrow plasma cell labeling index.
PCN, penicillin.
PCNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen.
PCNSL, primary central nervous system lymphoma.
PCO, polycystic ovaries.
PCO2, partial pressure of carbon dioxide.
PCOD, polycystic ovarian disease.
PCP, phencyclidine.
PCP, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.
PCP, primary care physician.
PCR, polymerase chain reaction.
PCT, procalcitonin.
PCT, proximal convoluted tubule.
PCU, Policy Coordination Unit.
PCV, packed cell volume (hematocrit).
PCWP, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure; normal range: 5 to 12 mmHg.
PD, Paget disease.
PD, partial denture.
PD, per diem.
PD, perinatal death.
PD, peritoneal dialysis.
PD, presenile dementia (Alzheimer).
PD, progressive disease.
PD, pulmonary disease.
PD50, protective dose 50 %.
PDA, patent ductus arteriosus.
PDA, posterior descending artery.
PDAg, Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture.
PDAT, pre-senile dementia of Alzheimer type.
PDE, phosphodiesterase.
PDGF, platelet derived growth factor.
PDH, pigment-dispersing hormone.
PDLLA, poly D,L-lactic acid.
PDLL-D, diffuse poorly-differentiated lymphocytic lymphomas.
PDLL-N, nodular poorly-differentiated lymphocytic lymphomas.
PDMS, polydimethylsiloxane.
PDOH, Pennsylvania Department of Health.
PDPC, poorly differentiated papillary carcinomas of papillary thyroid carcinomas.
PDQ, Physician's Data Query (CancerNet).
PDR, Physician's Desk Reference.
PDS, polydioxanone.
PDS, poly-p-dioxanone or polydioxanone suture (commercial synthetic absorbable suture).
PDS, Progressive Deterioration Scale.
PDT, photodynamic therapy.
PDTC, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate.
PE, phycoerythrin (fluorescent dye used in flow cytometry).
PE, physical examination.
PE, pleural effusion.
PE, point of entry.
PE, polyethylene.
PE, pulmonary edema.
PE, pulmonary embolism.
PEB, cisplatin, etoposide and bleomycin.
PEC, peritoneal exudate cells.
PEC, Petri Enteropathogen Count (plate).
PECAM-1, platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (CD-31).
Peds, Pediatrics.
PEEK, polyetheretherketone.
PEEP, positive end-expiratory pressure.
PEFR, peak expiratory flow rate.
PEG, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy.
PEG, pneumoencephalogram.
PEL, primary effusion lymphoma.
PEM, protein-energy malnutrition.
PEP A, peptidase A isozyme.
PEP B, peptidase B isozyme.
PEP C, peptidase C isozyme.
PEP D, peptidase D isozyme.
pep M24, pepsin extract of type-24 M protein.
PEP S, peptidase S isozyme.
PEP, phosphoenol-pyruvate.
PEP, postexposure prophylaxis.
PEP, primer-extension preamplification.
PEP/ET, preejection to ejection time.
PEPEC, pig enteropathogenic E.coli.
PEPP, Payment Error Prevention Program.
PER OS, by mouth
per, by.
per/os, by mouth.
PerCP, peridinin chlorophyll A protein (fluorescent dye used in flow cytometry).
Peri, around or about (e.g. perirenal = around the kidney).
Peri, perineal.
PERLA, pupils equal, reactive to light & accommodation.
PERRL, pupils equally round and reactive to light.
PERRLA, pupils equally round and reactive to light and accommodation.
PES, prenatal environmental stress.
PET, positron emission tomography.
PET, psychosocially enhanced treatment program.
PETE, polytetrafluoroethylene.
PF, Purkinje fibers.
PF4, platelet factor 4.
PFCx, prefrontal cortex.
PFFD, proximal femoral focal deficiency (virtual support group).
PFJ, patellofemoral joint.
PFO, patent foramen ovale.
PFOLA, Prescription Foot Orthotic Laboratory Association.
PFPS, patellofemoral pain syndrom.
PFS, progression free survival.
PFT, pulmonary function tests.
PG, phosphate yeast glucose (a broth used in microbiology).
pg, picogram - 0.000000000001 gram.
PG, proteoglycan.
PG, pseudogout (chondrocalcinosis).
PGA, polyglycolic acid.
PGC, pregastricin; primordial germ cell.
PGD,6-, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase.
PGD2, endoperoxide-D-isomerase.
PGE, prostaglandin E.
PGE1, Prostaglandin E1.
PGE2, endoperoxide-E-isomerase.
PGF, paternal grandfather.
PGF2, endoperoxide-F-isomerase.
PGH, pituitary growth hormone.
PGI2, prostacyclin.
PGL, persistent generalized lymphadenopathy.
PGP, progressive general paralysis.
PGR, progesterone receptor.
pH, hydrogen-ion concentration - acid / alkaline
PH, past history.
PH, plasmactytic hyperplasia.
Ph1, Philadelphia chromosome.
PHA, phytohemagglutinin.
PhD, Doctor in Philosophy.
Phe, phenylalanine.
PHI, peptide histidine isoleucine.
Photo DSC, photo differential scanning calorimeter.
PHPT, primary hyperparathyroidism.
PHS, phenytoin hypersensitivity syndrome
PHSC, pluripotential hematopoietic stem cell.
PHTLS, prehospital trauma life support.
PHX, past history.
PHYSO, physostigmine.
PI, permanently implantable.
PI, personal injury.
PI, positive indices.
PI, present illness.
PI, protease inhibitor.
PIA, performance incentive award.
PIA, posterior interosseous artery.
PIBIDS syndrome, photosensitivity, ichthyosis, brittle hair, impaired intelligence, decreased fertility, and short stature.
PIC, peripherally inserted catheter.
PIC, products of incomplete combustion.
PICA, postero-inferior cerebellar artery.
PICC, peripherally inserted central catheter.
PID, pelvic inflammatory disease (CDC documentation).
PiD, Pick’s disease.
PID, prolapsed intervertebral disc.
PIE, Practical Incidence Estimators.
PIE, Problem-Intervention-Evaluation (system).
PIE, pulmonary infiltration with eosinophilia.
PIG-A, phosphatidylinositol glycan-class A (gene).
PIG-A, phosphatydilinositolglycan A.
PIH, pregnancy-induced hypertension.
PIH, pyridoxal isonicotinoyl hydrazone.
PIL, peripheral intravenous line.
PIM, pre-installation maintenance.
PIN, posterior interosseous nerve.
PIP, proximal interpalangeal.
PIP, proximal interphalangeal joint.
PIP2, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-biphosphate.
PIPC, piperacillin.
PIPJ, proximal interpalangeal joint.
PIV, peripheral intravenous (line).
PK, pain killer.
PKU, phenylketonuria.
PL, posterolateral.
PLA, phospholipases.
PLA, polylactic acid.
PLAP, placental alkaline phosphatase.
PLF, posterior lumbar fusion.
PLGA, polylactic/glycolic acid.
PLIF, posterolateral interbody fusion.
PLL, prolymphocytic leukemia.
PLNs, peripheral lymph nodes.
PLO-SL, polycystic lipomembranous osteodysplasia with sclerosing leukoencephalopathy (Nasu-Hakola syndrome).
PLR, pupillary light reflex.
plt, paucity of lymph node T cell mutation.
PLT, platelet.
PLT, post-liver transplantation.
PLT, primary lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma.
PLT, primed lymphocyte tests.
PLT, psittacosis-lymphogranuloma-trachoma group viruses.
PM&R, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.
PM, petit mal.
PM, polymyositis.
PM, post meridian (afternoon).
PM, postmitotic cells.
PM, postmortem.
PM, post-nasal.
PMA, positive mental attitude; progressive muscular atrophy
PMB, postmenopausal bleeding.
PMBL, primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma.
PMD, private medical doctor
PMH, past medical history.
PMI, maxillary primary incisors.
pMI, mitotic index of proliferating cell population.
PMI, pacemaker implantation.
PMI, pain management index.
PMI, Pain Management Inventory.
PMI, painless myocardial infarction.
PMI, panoramic mandibular index.
PMI, past medical illness.
PMI, paternal meiosis I.
PMI, perioperative myocardial infarction.
PMI, phosphomannose isomerase.
PMI, placental membrane inflammation.
PMI, plasma membrane integrity.
PMI, point of maximum impact
PMI, pollen mitosis one.
PMI, posterior myocardial infarctions.
PMI, postmortem interval.
PMI, power motion imaging.
PMI, Pressure Management Indicator.
PMI, Prevention Marketing Initiative.
pMI, previous myocardial infarction.
PMI, prolonged mechanical inspiration.
PMI, prostate malignancy index.
PMI, psoas minor muscle.
PMII, paternal meiosis II.
PMK, primary monkey kidney.
PML, promyelocytic leukemia and its gene on chromosome 15 (previously named myl).
PMMA, polymethylmethacrylate.
PMN, polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
PMP, previous menstrual period.
PMP22, Peripheral myelin protein 22.
PMR, protonic magnetic resonance (analysis).
PMR, psychomotor retardation.
PMS, premenstrual tension syndrome (late luteal phase dysphoric disorder).
PN, pain.
PNA, protein equivalent of total nitrogen appearance.
PNC, postnecrotic liver cirrhosis.
PNC, prenatal care.
PND, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.
PND, postnatal day.
PNET, primitive neuroectodermal tumor.
PNF, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation.
PNH, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria.
PNI, peripheral nerve injury
PNMT, phenylethanolamine-N-methyl-transferase.
PNP, pooled normal plasma.
PNS, peripheral nervous system.
PO sus rel, PO (by mouth) sustained release.
PO, (per os) orally, by mouth.
PO, post-operative.
PO, postovulatory.
PO2, Partial pressure of oxygen
POC, point-of-care.
POC, products of conception.
POD, postoperative day.
POD, postovulatory day.
POEMS (syndrome), polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, and skin lesions.
POG, Pediatric Oncology Group (USA).
poly, prefix for multiple.
polys, polymorphonuclear cells.
PONF, Paediatric Oncology Nurses Forum (UK).
POP, plaster of paris.
Pop, popliteus tendon.
POS, Piedmont Orthopaedic Society.
pos, positive.
POSI, Paediatric Orthopaedic Society of India.
POSNA, Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America (AAOS Specialty Societies).
poss., possible.
post, posterior.
post-op, post-operative(ly).
postop, postoperative.
POTS, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome.
POX, point of exit
POX, pulse oximetry.
PP&A, palpation, percussion and auscultation
PP, per protocol.
PP, Peyer's patches.
PP, phosphoprotein phosphatase.
PP, positive pressure.
pp, postpartum.
pp, postprandial.
PP, presenting problem.
PP, private physician.
PPA, primary progressive aphasia.
PPARalpha, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-alpha.
PPD, packs per day.
PPD, permanent partial disability.
PPD, purified protein derivative (of tuberculin).
PPE, personal protective equipment.
PPG, peristomal pyoderma gangrenosum.
PPG, portosystemic pressure gradient.
PPH, past pertinent history.
PPH, post-partum hemorrhage
PPH, primary pulmonary hypertension.
PPHN, persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn.
PPLO, pleuropneumonia-like organisms.
ppm, parts per million.
PPMC, physician practice management companies.
PPMS, primary progressive multiple sclerosis.
PPND, pallido-ponto-nigral degeneration.
PPP, pregnancy-prevention program.
PPPE, persistent pigmented purpuric eruption.
PPS, pachyman polysaccharides.
PPS, pelvic pain syndrome.
PPS, pentosan polysulfate.
PPS, peripheral pulmonic stenosis.
PPs, peroxisome proliferators.
PPS, Personal Preference Scale.
PPs, Peyer's patches.
pps, phosphoenolpyruvate synthase gene.
PPs, phosphoprotein phosphatases.
PPS, physician, patient and society.
PPS, plasminogen-plasmin system.
PPS, polyvalent pneumococcal polysaccharide.
PPS, poor progesterone surge (cycles).
PPS, popliteal pterygium syndrome.
PPS, postpartum psychiatric syndromes.
PPS, postpartum sterilization.
PPS, postperfusion syndrome.
PPS, postpericardiotomy syndrome.
PPS, post-polio syndrome.
PPS, postpump syndrome.
PPS, potentiating paired stimulation.
PPS, prenatal psychological stress.
PPS, preputial separation.
PPS, primary acquired preleukemic syndrome.
PPS, professional practice standards.
PPS, prospective payment system.
PPS, prospective pricing system.
PPS, protein plasma substitute.
PPS, pulse per second.
PPS/PCO, pelvic pain syndrome/polycystic ovaries
PPSH, pseudovaginal perineoscrotal hypopospadias.
P-PST-1, phenol-sulfating form of sulfotransferases.
ppt, part per trillion.
PPT, Physical Performance Test.
PPT, plasma pregnancy test.
PPT, postpartum thyroiditis.
PPT-B, Preprotachykinin B.
PPV, positive predicitive value.
PR, partial response / partial remission.
PR, progress record.
PR, pulse rate.
PR3, proteinase 3.
PRA, plasma/peripheral renin activity.
PRAMS, Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System.
PRAS, prereduced anaerobically sterilized (media).
PRBC, packed red blood cells.
PRC, proximal row carpectomy.
PRCA, pure red cell aplasia.
PRE, progressive resistance exercises.
pre-op, pre-operative(ly).
preop, preoperative.
prep, prepare as.
Pri, isopropanol.
PRIME-MD, Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders.
prn, pro re nata - as required, as needed.
Pro time, prothrombin time.
Pro, proline.
PROM, passive range of motion.
PROM, premature rupture of membranes.
ProMACE-CytaBOM, prednisone, methotrexate, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, cytarabine, bleomycin, vincristine, methotrexate.
prot, protocol.
PRP, penicillase-resistant penicillin.
PRP, pityriasis rubra pilaris.
PrP, prion protein.
PRRE, pupils round, regular and equal.
Prss14, protease, serine, 14, a gene.
PRT, patient refused test.
PRUJ, proximal radioulnar joint.
PRUL, proximal radioulnar ligament.
PS, parasegment.
PS, paraspinous.
PS, physical status.
PS, present symptoms.
PSA, prostate-specific antigen.
PSC, primary sclerosing cholangitis.
PSCR, peripheral stem cell rescue.
PSCT, peripheral stem cell transplant.
PSD, passive sampling devices.
PSEF, Plastic Surgery Educational Foundation.
P-selectin (GMP140), adhesion molecule on endothelial cells and platelets.
PSF, peak scatter factor.
PSF, posterior spinal fusion.
PSF, post-sophomore fellow.
PSG, progressive subcortical gliosis.
PSGN, post streptococcal glomerulonephritis.
psi, pounds per square inch.
PSIS, posterior superior iliac spine.
PSP, phenylsulfonphthalein test.
PSP, posterior spinous process.
PSS, Perceived Stress Scale.
PSSV, pre-study site visit.
PST, palmar skin temperature.
PST, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia.
Pst, phosphate-specific transporter.
pST, porcine somatotropin
PST, problem-solving therapy
PST, proximal straight tubule.
PST, proximal straight tubules
PST, pulse separation time
PSTH, poststimulus time histograms.
PSTT, placental site trophoblastic tumor.
PSUR, periodic safety update report.
PSVT, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia.
PsyD, Doctor in Psychiatry.
PT, patient.
PT, permanent and total.
PT, physical therapy.
PT, pneumothorax.
PT, prothrombin time.
pt., patient, pint.
PTA Medication, prior to admission medication.
PTA, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty.
PTA, phosphotungstic acid.
PTA, prior to admission/arrival.
PTAH, phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin.
PTC, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography.
PTCA, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.
PTD, permanent total disability.
PTFE, polytetrafluoroethylene.
PTH, parathyroid hormone.
PTHc, C-terminal parathyroid hormone.
PTHC, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography.
PTHC, posttransfusion hepatitis C.
PTHrP, parathyroid hormone-related peptide.
PTK, protein tyrosine kinases.
PTLD, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder.
PTMR, percutaneous transmyocardial revascularization.
PTO, portal triad occlusion.
PTP, Professional Team Physicians.
PTR, patellar tendon reflex
PTSD, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (National Center for PTSD).
PTT, partial thromboplastin time.
PTU, propylthiourcil (antithyroid drug).
PTX, pneumothorax.
PU, polyurethane.
PU, pregnancy urine.
PUCP, maximum urethral closure pressure.
PUD, peptic ulcer disease.
PUD, peri-urethral diathermy (associated with superficial bladder cancer).
PUD, pulmonary disease.
PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids.
pulv, powder.
Pulv, pulvinar.
PuLv, ventral part of the lateral pulvinar.
Pulv-LP, pulvinar-posterior-lateral complex.
PuM, medial pulvinar.
PUPPP, pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy.
PV bleed, per vagina bleed.
PV, paravertebral.
PV, polycythemia vera.
PVA, polyvinyl alcohol fixative.
PVB, paravertebral block.
PVB, premature ventricular beat.
PVB19, parvovirus B19.
PVC, premature ventricular contraction.
PVC, pulmonary venous congestion.
PVD, peripheral vascular disease.
PVD, pre-senile vascular dementia.
PVNS, pigmented villonodular synovitis.
PvO2, mixed venous oxygen tension.
PVR, post-void residual.
PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance.
PVR, pulse volume recorder.
PVST, paraventriculospinal tract.
PVST, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia.
PVT, paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia.
PVT, peripheral vein thrombophlebitis.
PVT, periprostatic vein thrombosis.
PVT, polymorphic ventricular tachycardia.
PVT, popliteal vein transplant.
PVT, portal vein thrombosis.
pvt-1, plasmacytoma variant translocation-1 gene (on chromosome 15).
PWB, partial weight bearing.
PWP, pulmonary wedge pressure.
PWS, Prader-Willi syndrome.
PX, papular xanthoma.
PX, physical examination.
PX, prescription.
PX, prognosis.
PXE, pseudoxanthoma elasticum.PZI, protamine zinc insulin - a long acting insulin.